Sains Malaysiana 52(3)(2023): 741-755
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5203-05
Molecular Phylogeny of Long-Tailed
Giant Rats (Muridae: Genus Leopoldamys)
Based on Mitochondrial Cytochrome B Sequences
(Filogeni Molekul Tikus Gergasi Berekor Panjang (Muridae:
Genus Leopoldamys) Berdasarkan
Jujukan Sitokrom B Mitokondria)
MOHAMAD AZAM FIRDAUS SAARANI1,
HOI-SEN YONG1, BADRUL MUNIR MD-ZAIN2, JENNIFER A. LEONARD3 & HASMAHZAITI OMAR1,4,*
1Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty
of Science, Universiti Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur,
Federal Territory, Malaysia
2Department of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology,
Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
3Conservation and Evolutionary Genetics Group, Estación Biológica de Doñana (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 41092, Seville,
Spain
4Museum of Zoology (Block J14), Institute of Biological
Sciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Federal Territory, Malaysia
Diserahkan:
6 April 2022/Diterima: 4 Januari 2023
Abstract
Two species of Leopoldamys long-tailed giant rats are found in Peninsular Malaysia. They are currently
referred to as Leopoldamys ciliatus which inhabits montane habitat, and Leopoldamys vociferans which usually inhabits the lowland forest. To date, there is no report on the
phylogenetic relationship of L. ciliatus with
the other Leopoldamys taxa. The present study
was carried out to determine its relationship, based on the mitochondrial
cytochrome b (cyt b) gene sequence,
with L. vociferans of Peninsular Malaysia and
other congeners. Phylogenetic analysis shows that L. ciliatus is a sister-species to the lineage L1 of L. herberti and L. revertens, and is distantly related to L. edwardsi. L. vociferans, and L. sabanus form a distinct clade (lineage
L5) from the other Leopoldamys taxa from
Indochina. The Sumatra taxon currently known as L. sabanus is genetically distinct to L. vociferanswith
K2P distances between 0.065 and 0.069. Contrary to previous opinions, L. herberti, L. revertens, and L. neilli of Indochina are valid species
based on more than 2.5% threshold genetic distance. Both the L. edwardsi and L. neilli species complexes are represented by several sibling species. A more extensive
taxon sampling from various regions (particularly Sumatra and other regions of
Indonesia) as well as the use of morphological and molecular (mitogenomes or multiple genes) data sets are needed to
provide a robust phylogeny and systematics.
Keywords: Leopoldamys ciliatus; Malaysia; molecular phylogeny; Murinae;
polyphyletic; Sundaland
Abstrak
Dua spesies tikus gergasi berekor panjang (genus Leopoldamys) boleh dijumpai di Semenanjung Malaysia. Ia kini dirujuk sebagai Leopoldamys ciliatus yang mendiami habitat pergunungan dan Leopoldamys vociferans yang biasanya mendiami hutan dataran rendah. Sehingga kini, tiada laporan mengenai hubungan filogenetik L. ciliatus bersama takson Leopoldamys yang
lain. Kajian ini dijalankan untuk menentukan hubungan genetik tersebut berdasarkan jujukan gen mitokondria sitokrom b (cyt b), bersama L. vociferans dari Semenanjung Malaysia dan kongener lain. Analisis filogenetik mendedahkan bahawa L. ciliatus ialah spesies rapat kepada cabang keturunan L1, L. herberti dan L. revertens dan hubungan jauh dengan L. edwardsi. L. vociferans dan L. sabanus membentuk klad yang berbeza (keturunan L5) daripada takson Leopoldamys lain dari Indochina. Takson Sumatera
yang kini dikenali sebagai L. sabanus secara genetik berbeza dengan L. vociferans bersama jarak K2P antara 0.065 dan 0.069. Bertentangan dengan pendapat sebelumnya, L. herberti, L. revertens dan L. neilli dari Indochina adalah spesies yang sah berdasarkan jarak genetik lebih daripada 2.5%. Kedua-dua kompleks spesies L. edwardsi dan L. neillidiwakili oleh beberapa spesies adik-beradik. Pensampelan takson yang lebih meluas dari pelbagai kawasan (terutamanya Sumatera dan kawasan lain
di Indonesia) serta penggunaan set data morfologi dan molekul (mitogenom atau gen pelbagai) diperlukan untuk membentuk filogeni dan sistematik yang teguh.
Kata kunci: Filogeni molekul; Leopoldamys ciliatus; Malaysia; Murinae; polifiletik; Sundaland
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat;
email: zaiti_1978@um.edu.my
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