Sains Malaysiana 52(3)(2023): 757-770
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5203-06
Estimation of Biocidal Potential of Desert Phytopowders for the Management of Citrus Canker
(Anggaran Potensi Biosid Fitoserbuk Gurun untuk Pengurusan Kanker Sitrus)
MUHAMMAD ATIQ1,*,
KIRAN FATIMA2, NASIR AHMED RAJPUT1, SHAHBAZ
TALIB SAHI1, AKHTAR HAMEED3, MUHAMMAD USMAN1,
USAMA AHMAD1, ADEEL SULTAN1, SHAHID IQBAL1 & AHMAD NAWAZ1
1Department of Plant
Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
2 Department of Botany,
Faculty of Basic Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad,
Pakistan
3Institute of Plant
Protection, MNS-University of Agriculture Multan, Pakistan
Diserahkan:
2 Mac 2022/Diterima: 27 Februari 2023
Abstract
Citrus is one of the
most important fruit crops, throughout the world. It is a rich source of
antioxidants and vitamin C. Citrus canker is a potential threat to its
successful production. In current study, ten desert phytopowders including Xanthium strumarium, Dipterygium galucun, Leptadenia pyrotechnica, haloxylon recurvum, Suaeda fruticosa, Salsola baryosma, Citruluscolocynthis, Abutilon indicum, Aerva javanica, and Calotropis procera at three different concentrations (5.0, 7.5 and 10.0%) were evaluated under in vitro conditions against Xanthomonas citri pv. citri.
Among all phytopowders, X. strumarium and S. fruticosa, showed maximum inhibition
zone (40 mm) followed by S. baryosma(38.50 mm) C. colocynthis(37 mm), Abutilon indicum(34 mm), H. recurvum(32
mm), D. galucun (30.5 mm), A. javanica, (29.50 mm), L. pyrotechnica, (29.5 mm) and C. procera (28 mm) as compared to control. Then, effective phytopowders were applied under greenhouse and field conditions @ 5.0, 7.5 and 10.0% against
citrus canker. Combination of X. strumarium + S. baryosma showed minimum disease severity (22%) followed
by X. strumarium (26%), X. strumarium + S. fruticosa (27%), S. fruticosa (27%), X. strumarium + S. baryosma (27%), and S. baryosma (29%) as compared to control. While in field experiment, the combination of X. strumarium + S. fruticosa showed significant results with minimum disease severity (32%) followed by S. fruticosa + S. baryosma (32%), X. strumarium + S. baryosma (33%), S. baryosma (35%), X. strumarium (36%)
and S. fruticosa (36%) as compared to
control. It is concluded that application of X. strumarium + S. baryosma phytopowders will be helpful for farmers to combat citrus canker.
Keywords: Citrus
Canker; eco-friendly management; phytoextracts; Xac
Abstrak
Sitrus ialah salah satu tanaman buah-buahan yang paling penting di seluruh dunia. Ia adalah punca yang kaya dengan antioksidan dan vitamin C. Kanker sitrus merupakan ancaman yang berpotensi kepada pengeluaran yang berjaya. Dalam kajian ini, sepuluh fitoserbuk padang pasir termasuk Xanthium strumarium, Dipterygium galucun, Leptadenia pyrotechnica, Haloxylon recurvum, Suaeda fruticosa, Salsola baryosma, Citrulus colocynthis, Abutilon indicum, Aerva javanica dan Calotropis procera pada kepekatan berbeza (5.0, 7.5 dan 10.0%) telah dinilai dalam keadaan in
vitro terhadap Xanthomonas citri pv. citri. Antara semua fitoserbuk, X. strumarium dan S. fruticosa menunjukkan zon perencatan maksimum (40 mm) diikuti oleh S. baryosma (38.50 mm) C. colocynthis (37 mm), Abutilon indicum (34 mm), H. recurvum (32 mm), D. galucun (30.5 mm), A. javanica, (29.50 mm), L. pyrotechnica (29.5 mm) dan C. procera (28 mm) berbanding kawalan. Kemudian, fitoserbuk yang berkesan telah digunakan di bawah keadaan rumah hijau dan ladang @ 5.0, 7.5 dan 10.0% terhadap kanker sitrus. Gabungan X. strumarium + S. baryosma menunjukkan tahap keterukan penyakit minimum (22%) diikuti oleh X. strumarium (26%), X. strumarium + S. fruticosa (27%), S. fruticosa (27%), X. strumarium + S. baryosma (27%), S. baryosma (29%) berbanding kawalan. Manakala dalam uji kaji lapangan, gabungan X. strumarium + S. fruticosa menunjukkan keputusan yang ketara dengan keterukan penyakit minimum (32%) diikuti oleh S. fruticosa + S. baryosma (32%), X. strumarium + S. baryosma (33%), S. baryosma (35%), X. strumarium (36%) dan S. fruticosa (36%) berbanding kawalan. Disimpulkan bahawa penggunaan fitoserbuk X. strumarium + S. baryosma akan membantu petani untuk memerangi kanker sitrus.
Kata kunci: Ekstrakfito; kanker sitrus; pengurusan mesra alam; Xac
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: dratiqpp@gmail.com
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