Sains Malaysiana 52(3)(2023): 941-951
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5203-18
Characterization Assessment on Nanofiltration Membrane using Steric-Hindrance Pore (SHP) and Teorell-Meyer-Sievers (TMS) Models
(Penilaian Pencirian pada Membran Penapisan Nano
menggunakan Model Steric-Hindrance Pore (SHP) dan Teorell-Meyer-Sievers (TMS))
MAZRUL NIZAM ABU SEMAN,1,2 NORA’AINI ALI,3,4,* NURUL AIN JALANNI,1 CHE KU
MUHAMMAD FAIZAL CHE KU YAHYA1 & NORHAFIZA ILYANA YATIM4
1Faculty of Chemical and
Process Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia
Pahang, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan, Pahang Darul Makmur, Malaysia
2Earth Resources and
Sustainability (ERAS) Centre, Universiti Malaysia
Pahang, Lebuhraya Persiaran Tun Khalil Yaakob, 26300 Gambang, Kuantan,
Pahang Darul Makmur,
Malaysia
3Faculty of Ocean
Engineering Technology and Informatics, Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
4Higher Institution Centre
of Excellence (HICoE), Institute of Tropical
Aquaculture and Fisheries, Universiti Malaysia
Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 31 Mei 2022/Diterima:
9 Januari 2023
Abstract
Interfacial
polymerization (IP) is a simple process for modifying thin-film composite (TFC)
polymers that can be used as separation membranes in water treatment. This work
describes the IP process for the preparation of polyester TFC membranes using
organic monomers, in particular triethanolamine (TEOA) and trimesoyl chloride (TMC). This work includes an evaluation of monomer concentration and
polymerization reaction time as variables to determine the membrane properties
and its performance as acid humic removal. The
characterization of TFC membranes was investigated using field emission
scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), steric hindrance pore (SHP) and Teorell-Meyer-Sievers model
(TMS). This IP technique resulted in the membrane (NF-PES8-35) having the lowest
contact angle (θ=34.0±0.35) and lower hydrophobicity (θ=62.6 ± 0.33)
compared to the unmodified membrane. The rejection of NaCl by NF-PES8-35 membrane showed the highest 0.001 M NaCl (62.42%), while NF-PES4-15 membrane showed the lowest (2.4%). The highest
removal of humic acid (97.8%) was achieved when
separation was performed with the NF-PES6-35 membrane and the high performance
polyester TFC membranes were exhibited in the water purification filtration
system.
Keywords: Characterization; nanofiltration membrane; steric-hindrance pore model; Teorell–Meyer–Sievers model
Abstrak
Pempolimeran antara muka (IP) ialah proses mudah untuk mengubah suai polimer komposit saput nipis (TFC) yang boleh digunakan sebagai membran pemisahan dalam rawatan air. Kertas ini menerangkan proses IP bagi penyediaan membran poliester TFC dengan menggunakan monomer organik, khususnya triethanolamine (TEOA) dan trimesoyl chloride (TMC). Kertas ini meliputi penilaian terhadap kepekatan monomer dan masa tindak balas pempolimeran sebagai pemboleh ubah bagi menentukan sifat membran dan prestasinya sebagai penyingkir asid humik. Pencirian membran TFC dikaji menggunakan mikroskopi pancaran medan elektron penskanan (FESEM), medan pelepasan mikroskop elektron pengimbas (FESEM), Model steric-hindrance pore (SHP) dan Model Teorell-Meyer–Sievers (TMS). Teknik IP ini menghasilkan membran (NF-PES8-35) yang mempunyai sudut sentuh terendah (θ=34.0±0.35) dan kehidrofobian yang lebih rendah (θ=62.6 ± 0.33) berbanding membran yang tidak diubah suai. Penolakan NaCl oleh membran NF-PES8-35 menunjukkan yang tertinggi 0.001 M NaCl (62.42%), manakala membran NF-PES4-15 menunjukkan yang terendah (2.4%). Penyingkiran tertinggi asid humik (97.8%) diperoleh apabila pemisahan dilakukan menggunakan membran NF-PES6-35 dan menunjukkan membran TFC poliester berprestasi tinggi dalam sistem penapisan pembersihan air.
Kata kunci: Membran nanofiltrasi; model
steric-hindrance pore; model Teorell–Meyer–Sievers; pencirian
RUJUKAN
Abu Seman,
M.N., Khayet, M. & Hilal,
N. 2010. Nanofiltration thin-film composite polyester polyethersulfone-based membranes prepared by
interfacial polymerization. Journal of Membrane Science 348: 109-116.
Ahmed, F.E., Hashaikeh, R., Diabat, A. & Hilal, N. 2019. Mathematical and optimization modelling in
desalination: State-of-the-art and future direction. Desalination 469:
114092.
Arribas, P., García-Payo,
M.C., Khayet, M. & Gil, L. 2020. Improved
antifouling performance of polyester thin film nanofiber composite membranes
prepared by interfacial polymerization. Journal of Membrane Science 598:
117774.
Bouchoux, A., Roux-de, B.H. & Lutin, F. 2005. Nanofiltration of
glucose and sodium lactate solutions: Variations of retention between
single-and mixed-solute solutions. Journal of Membrane Science 258(1-2):
123-132.
Bowen, W.R., Mohammad, A.W.
& Hilal, N. 1997. Characterization of nanofiltration membranes for predictive purposes - Use of
salts uncharged solutes and atomic force microscopy. Journal of Membrane
Science 126(1): 91-105.
Ding, Y., Zhu, J. & Liu,
D. 2021. Separation performance and mechanism of the novel modified polyether
sulfone composite nanofiltration membrane for the
detection on dissolved organic nitrogen. Water Environment Research 93(9): 1748-1761.
Donnan, F.G. 1995. Theory of
membrane equilibria and membrane potentials in the presence of non-dialyzing
electrolytes. A contribution to physical-chemical physiology. Journal of
Membrane Science 100(1): 45-55.
Farahbakhsh, J., Vatanpour,
V., Khoshnam, M. & Zargar,
M. 2021. Recent advancements in the application of new monomers and membrane
modification techniques for the fabrication of thin film composite membranes: A
review. Reactive and Functional Polymers 166: 105015.
Feng, C., Khulbe,
K.C. & Matsuura, T. 2010. Recent progress in the preparation
characterization and applications of nanofibers and nanofiber membranes via
electrospinning/interfacial polymerization. Journal of Applied Polymer
Science 115(2): 756-776.
Geens, T., Goeyens,
L. & Covaci, A. 2011. Are potential sources for
human exposure to bisphenol-A overlooked? International
Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health 214: 339-347.
Hilal, N., Kochkodan,
V., Al-Khatib, L. & Levadna,
T. 2004. Surface modified polymeric membranes to reduce (bio) fouling: A
microbiological study using E. coli. Desalination 167: 293-300.
Imbrogno, A. & Schäfer,
A.I. 2019. Comparative study of nanofiltration membrane characterization devices of different dimension and configuration
(cross flow and dead end). Journal of Membrane Science 585: 67-80.
Jalanni, N.A., Abu Seman, M.N. & Mohammad Faizal, C.K. 2015. New polyester nanofiltration (NF) membrane for humic acid removal. In Advanced Materials Research 1107: 383-388.
Jalanni, N.A., Abu Seman, M.N. & Mohammad Faizal, C.K. 2013. Investigation of
new polyester nanofiltration (NF) membrane fouling
with humic acid solution. Jurnal Teknologi 65(4): 69-72.
Jayarani, M.M. & Kulkarni, S.S.
2000. Thin-film composite poly (esteramide)-based
membranes Desalination 130: 17-30.
Ji, C., Zhai,
Z., Jiang, C., Hu, P., Zhao, S., Xue, S., Yang, Z.,
He, T. & Niu, Q.J. 2021. Recent advances in
high-performance TFC membranes: A review of the functional interlayers. Desalination 500: 114869.
Kristensen, M.B., Bentien,
A., Tedesco, M. & Catalano, J. 2017. Counter-ion transport number and
membrane potential in working membrane systems. Journal of Colloid and
Interface Science 504: 800-813.
Kubwabo, C., Kosarac,
I., Stewart, B., Gauthier, B.R., Lalonde, K. & Lalonde, P.J. 2009. Migration of bisphenol A from plastic baby bottles baby bottle liners and
reusable polycarbonate drinking bottles. Food Additives and Contaminants 26:
928-937.
Lau, W.J. & Ismail, A.F.
2009. Theoretical studies on the morphological and electrical properties of
blended PES/SPEEK nanofiltration membranes using
different sulfonation degree of SPEEK. Journal of
Membrane Science 334: 30-42.
Michałowicz, J. 2014. Bisphenol A - Sources toxicity and biotransformation. Environment Toxicology and
Pharmacology 37: 738-758.
Mohammad, A.W., Hilal, N. & Abu Seman, M.N.
2003. A study on producing composite nanofiltration membranes with optimized properties. Desalination 158(1-3): 73-78.
Saffarimiandoab, F., Gul, B.Y., Tasdemir, R.S., Ilter, S.E., Unal, S., Tunaboylu, B., Menceloglu, Y.Z. & Koyuncu,
I. 2021. A review on membrane fouling: Membrane modification. Desalination
Water Treatment 216: 47-70.
Seman, A., Jalanni,
N.A., Faizal, C.K.M. & Hilal,
N. 2013. Polyester thin film composite nanofiltration membranes prepared by interfacial polymerization technique for removal of humic acid. In Developments in Sustainable Chemical
and Bioprocess Technology, edited
by Pogaku, R., Bono, A. & Chu, C. Boston: Springer. pp. 111-117.
Sharabati, J.A.D., Erkoc-Ilter,
S., Guclu, S., Koseoglu-Imer,
D.Y., Unal, S., Menceloglu,
Y.Z., Ozturk, I. & Koyuncu,
I. 2022. Zwitterionic polysiloxane-polyamide
hybrid active layer for high performance and chlorine resistant TFC
desalination membranes. Separation and Purification Technology 282: 119965.
Sun, P., Liu, X., Zhang, M.,
Li, Z., Cao, C., Shi, H., Yang, Y. & Zhao, Y. 2021. Sorption and leaching
behaviors between aged MPs and BPA in water: The role of BPA binding modes
within plastic matrix. Water Research 195: 116956.
Sun, Y. & Song, L. 2021. A
numerical method for electrical potential on membranes with fixed charge. Authorea Preprints 10(4): E426.
Viet, N.D., Jang, D., Yoon, Y.
& Jang, A. 2021. Enhancement of membrane system performance using
artificial intelligence technologies for sustainable water and wastewater
treatment: A critical review. Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and
Technology 52(20): 3689-3719.
Wang, K.Y. & Chung, T.S.
2006. Fabrication of polybenzimidazole (PBI) nanofiltration hollow fiber membranes for removal of chromate. Journal of Membrane Science 281: 307-315.
Wang, R. & Lin, S. 2021.
Pore model for nanofiltration: History theoretical
framework key predictions limitations and prospects. Journal of Membrane
Science 620: 118809.
Wang, Z., Liu, G., Fan, Z.,
Yang, W., Wang, J. & Wang, S. 2007. Experimental study on treatment of
electroplating wastewater by nanofiltration. Journal
of Membrane Science 305: 85-195.
Wu, D., Zhang, X., Chen, Y.
& Yu, S. 2020. Thin film composite polyesteramide nanofiltration membranes fabricated from carboxylated chitosan and trimesoyl chloride. Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering 37: 307-321.
*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: noraaini@umt.edu.my
|