Sains Malaysiana 52(4)(2023):
1145-1160
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5204-09
Antiproliferative and Anti-Tyrosinase Activities of Propolis from Tetragonula laeviceps and Tetragonula pegdeni in Thailand
(Aktiviti
Antiproliferasi dan Anti-Tirosinase Propolis daripada Tetragonula laeviceps dan Tetragonula pegdeni di Thailand)
THITIPAN MEEMONGKOLKIAT1,*,
SONGCHAN PUTHONG2, PHANTHIWA KHONGKARAT3, PREECHA ROD-IM4, ORAWAN DUANGPHAKDEE4, PREECHA PHUWAPRAISIRISAN5 & CHANPEN
CHANCHAO1
1Department
of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road,
Bangkok 10330, Thailand
2Institute
of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, Chulalongkorn University, 254
Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
3Program
in Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai
Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
4Native Honeybee and Pollinator Research Center, Ratchaburi
Campus, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Ratchaburi 70150,
Thailand
5Center of
Excellence in Natural Products, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,
Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
Diserahkan: 7 Ogos 2022/Diterima: 27 Mac
2023
Abstract
Propolis is one of the economic bee products with
biological activities, but these activities can vary according to the local
plants and bee species. This study aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic and
antityrosinase activity of the methanol-, hexane-, and dichloromethane-partitioned
propolis extracts (MPE, HPE, and DPE, respectively) of two dominant stingless
bee species in Thailand (Tetragonula laeviceps and Tetragonula pegdeni) sourced from
four locations in Ratchaburi province and one location in Chiangmai province.
Their antiproliferative/cytotoxic activity, as the relative cell viability, was
screened against the liver (Hep-G2) and gastric carcinoma (KATO-III) cancer
cell lines in comparison to the untransformed lung fibroblast (WI-38) cell line
using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay.
Interestingly, DPE7 was the extract that showed great potential anticancer
properties because it was significantly higher cytotoxic to cancer cell lines
(Hep-G2 and KATO-III, with IC50 values of 36.40 and 35.15 mg/mL, respectively) than to normal
cell lines (WI-38, with IC50 values of 46.52 mg/mL). Although DPE7 did not
exhibit the highest antityrosinase activity, its moderate antityrosinase
activity (IC50 of 1.388 mg/mL) considered it possible for further
purification though not as effective as Kojic acid (IC50 of 0.0432
mg/mL). Besides, the different bioactivities in propolis from different sites
were expected due to the different flora in each location. However, further
studies are needed to better understand the properties and safety aspects of
selected partitioned extracts.
Keywords: Antiproliferative activity; antityrosinase
activity; Tetragonula laeviceps; Tetragonula pegdeni; Thai propolis
Abstrak
Propolis adalah salah
satu produk lebah dengan aktiviti biologi, tetapi aktiviti ini boleh
berbeza-beza mengikut tumbuhan tempatan dan spesies lebah. Kajian ini bertujuan
untuk menilai aktiviti sitotoksik dan antitirosinase bagi ekstrak propolis
melalui pemisahan metanol, heksana dan diklorometana (masing-masing MPE, HPE
dan DPE) daripada dua spesies lebah tanpa sengat yang dominan di Thailand (Tetragonula
laeviceps dan Tetragonula pegdeni) yang
diperoleh dari empat lokasi di wilayah Ratchaburi dan satu lokasi di wilayah
Chiangmai. Aktiviti antiproliferasi/sitotoksik mereka sebagai kebolehidupan
sel relatif, telah disaring terhadap sel kanser hati (Hep-G2) dan karsinoma
gastrik (KATO-III) berbanding dengan titisan sel fibroblas paru-paru tidak
tertransform (WI-38) menggunakan asai 3-(4,5-dimetiltiazol-2-yl)-2,5-difeniltetrazolium
bromida. Menariknya, DPE7 ialah ekstrak yang menunjukkan sifat antikanser yang
berpotensi besar kerana tinggi sitotoksik terhadap titisan sel kanser (Hep-G2
dan KATO-III, dengan nilai IC50 masing-masing 36.40 dan 35.15 g/mL)
berbanding titisan sel normal (WI-38, dengan nilai IC50 46.52 g/mL).
Walaupun DPE7 tidak menunjukkan aktiviti antitirosinase tertinggi, aktiviti
antitirosinase sederhananya (IC50 sebanyak 1.388 mg/mL) mungkin
boleh dipertimbangkan untuk penulenan selanjutnya walaupun tidak berkesan
seperti asid Kojic (IC50 sebanyak 0.0432 mg/mL). Selain itu,
bioaktiviti yang berbeza dalam propolis dari tapak kajian yang berbeza telah
dijangka akibat daripada flora yang berlainan di setiap lokasi. Walau
bagaimanapun, kajian lanjutan diperlukan untuk memahami sifat dan aspek
keselamatan bagi ekstrak pembahagian terpilih dengan lebih lagi.
Kata kunci: Aktiviti antiproliferasi;
aktiviti antitirosinase; propolis Thai; Tetragonula
laeviceps; Tetragonula pegdeni
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: lek_tues_ti@hotmail.com
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