Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 19 No 6 (2015): 1164 - 1170

 

 

 

EFFECTS OF TEST PAPER DRYING AND REACTION PERIODS ON SILVER ION-ARSINE COMPLEX COLOUR DEVELOPMENT FOR A SIMPLE AND RAPID ARSENIC (V) DETERMINATION

 

(Kesan-kesan Tempoh Pengeringan Kertas Ujian dan Tempoh Tindakbalas terhadap Pembentukan Kompleks Ion Perak-Arsin untuk Penentuan Arsenik (V)

 dengan Ringkas dan Cepat)

 

Ong Keat Khim¹*, Leong Jin Hoong², Wan Md Zin Wan Yunus³, Anwar Fitrianto⁴, Teoh Chin Chuang⁵, Abdul Ghapor Hussin³, Mansor Ahmad⁶, Ahmad Farid Mohd Azmi¹

 

¹Department of Chemistry and Biology, Centre for Defence Foundation Studies

²Faculty of Engineering

³Department of Defence Science, Faculty of Defence Science and Technology

Universiti Pertahanan Nasional Malaysia, Kem Sungai Besi, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

⁴Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

⁵Engineering Research Centre, MARDI Headquarter,

G. P.O. Box 12301, 50774 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

⁶Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: ongkhim@upnm.edu.my

 

 

Received: 14 August 2015; Accepted: 5 October 2015

 

 

Abstract

Arsenic is a toxic element that exists in different forms in nature and can be accumulated by various biota and environmental media. Current techniques for the environmental monitoring of arsenic are usually sophisticated, time consuming and inappropriate for on-site analyses. We are developing a simple and rapid colourimetric quantitative method based on a colour complex formed by silver ion impregnated on a filter paper with arsine gas produced from arsenic ion reduction by hydrogen generated from zinc and sulfamic acid reaction in the sample. In this report we describe effects of drying of the silver ion impregnated filter paper and exposing period of this test paper to the arsine gas. The data obtained are digitized and used to develop a model for arsenic (V) ion estimation. The study reveals that when 4.0 g of sulfamic acid and 2.0 g of zinc powder are used to reduce 50 ml of arsenic solution sample, the drying and exposure periods needed are 20 seconds and 10 minutes, respectively. The best fitted model that relates arsenic (V) concentration (Ac) and the red colour intensity value (R) is Ac =120.1 – 1.071R. This model can accurately estimate the arsenic (V) concentration from 0 to 100 µg/l.

 

Keywords: arsenic (V) determination, colourimetric technique, drying period, reaction period, image processing

 

Abstrak

Arsenik adalah unsur beracun yang wujud dalam beberapa bentuk di persekitaran dan terkumpul di dalam pelbagai biota dan media persekitaran. Teknik analisis untuk pemantauan arsenik di dalam alam sekitar biasanya adalah kompleks, mengambil masa dan tidak sesuai untuk analisis in-situ. Kami sedang membangunkan satu kaedah kuantitatif kolorimetri yang ringkas dan cepat berdasarkan warna kompleks yang terbentuk daripada tindakbalas antara ion perak yang terjerap pada kertas turas dengan gas arsin yang terhasil daripada proses penurunan ion arsenik oleh hidrogen yang dihasilkan daripada tindakbalas antara zink dan sulfamik asid dalam sampel. Dalam laporan ini kami menerangkan kesan-kesan tempoh pengeringan kertas turas yang telah dijerapkan  dengan ion perak dan tempoh mendedahkan kertas ujian ini kepada gas arsin. Data yang diperolehi didigitalkan dan digunakan untuk membangunkan model untuk membuat anggaran kepekatan ion arsenik (V). Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa apabila 4.0 g asid sulfamik dan 2.0 g serbuk zink digunakan untuk menurunkan 50 ml larutan sampel arsenik, tempoh pengeringan kertas turas dan tempoh pendedahan gas arsin adalah masing-masing 20 saat dan 10 minit. Model yang paling sesuai untuk menghubungkait kepekatan arsenik (V) (Ac) dengan keamatan warna merah (R) adalah Ac = 120.1 – 1.071R, yang dapat menganggarkan kepekatan arsenik (V) di antara 0 hingga 100 µg/L.

 

Kata kunci: penentuan arsenik (V), teknik kolorimetri, tempoh pengeringan, tempoh tindak balas, pemprosesan imej

 

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