Khairiatul Mardiana Jansar*
and Ismail Bin Sahid
School of Environment and
Natural Resource Sciences,
Faculty of Science and
Technology,
Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: mardiana@ukm.edu.my
Received: 9
December 2014; Accepted: 16 October 2015
Abstract
The levels of metsulfuron methyl (methyl
2-(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-trazine-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl) benzoate (IUPAC)
(MSM) and its metabolite IN-A4098
(4-methoxy-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazin-2-amine (AMMT)
were determined from surface water samples of six rivers located at Tasik
Chini, Pahang, Malaysia. The optimization analytical method was developed for
the determination of the MSM herbicide and its metabolite, AMMT in surface
water up to 0.05 ng/ml with good
linearity in the calibration range 0.1 – 10 ng/ml.
The procedure involves a clean-up process using the IST
ISOLUTE ENV+ solid phase extraction
(SPE) method and the pesticide level are determined using the HPLC with
variable wavelength detector (VWD) and 81 – 105 % recovery. The MSM compound represents one of main herbicides
used in the Tasik Chini oil palm plantation. The method enables study to be
made of the herbicide and its transformation products through simultaneous
detection and quantification. In the field study
levels of MSM in the surface water ranged from undetectable to 0.1378 ng/ml
from the first season to forth season, while levels of the metabolite, AMMT
ranged from undetectable to 1.473 ng/ml. The variation of the MSM and AMMT
levels depended directly on the time of the pesticide application and the
season.
Keywords: metsulfuron methyl, metabolite, solid phase extraction,
Tasik Chini
Abstrak
Tahap
pencemaran metsulfuron metil (metil
2-(4-metoksi-6-metil-1,3,5-triazin-2-ilkarbamoilsulfamoil) benzoat (IUPAC)
(MSM) dan metabolit IN-A4098 (4-metoksi-6-metil-1,3,5-triazin-2-amina (AMMT)
telah ditentukan daripada sampel air permukaan daripada enam batang sungai yang
terletak di Tasik Chini, Pahang, Malaysia. Pengoptimuman kaedah analisis telah
dibuat untuk menentukan kandungan herbisid MSM dan metabolitnya, AMMT dalam air
permukaan dengan kepekatan minimum adalah 0.05 ng/ml dan julat kalibrasi adalah
0.1 – 10 ng/ml. Prosedur ini melibatkan satu proses pengekstrakkan menggunakan
IST ISOLUTE ENV+ kaedah pengekstrakan fasa pepejal (SPE) dan tahap
herbisid ditentukan menggunakan HPLC
dengan pengesan gelombang pelbagai (VWD) pada tahap perolehan semula
adalah 81 – 105 %. Sebatian MSM merupakan salah satu daripada herbisid utama
yang digunakan dalam ladang kelapa sawit Tasik Chini. Kaedah ini membolehkan
herbisid dan metabolitnya dikesan dan dianalisis serentak. Di peringkat kajian
lapangan, julat bacaan MSM dalam air permukaan adalah dari tidak dapat dikesan
sehingga 0.1378 ng/ml dari musim pertama hingga musim keempat, manakala tahap
pencemaran AMMT, yakni metabolitnya adalah dalam julat yang tidak dapat dikesan
hingga 1.473 ng/ml. Tahap pencemaran MSM dan AMMT bergantung secara langsung
kepada masa penyemburan herbisid dan musim kawasan tersebut.
Kata kunci: metsulfuron metil, metabolit, pengekstrakkan fasa pepejal,
Tasik Chini
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