Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 20 No 3 (2016): 461 – 468

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2003-01

 

 

 

OPTIMIZATION OF ACTIVATED CARBON PREPARATION FROM SPENT MUSHROOM FARMING WASTE (SMFW) VIA BOX–BEHNKEN DESIGN OF RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY

 

(Penyediaan Secara Optimum Arang Teraktif daripada Sisa Tanaman Cendawan Terpakai (SMFW) Melalui Reka Bentuk Box-Behnken dari Kaedah Gerak Balas Permukaan)

 

Nurul-Shuhada Md-Desa², Zaidi Ab Ghani¹, Suhaimi Abdul-Talib³, Chia-Chay Tay¹*

 

¹Faculty of Applied Sciences,

Universiti Teknologi MARA,02600 Arau, Perlis Malaysia

²Faculty of Applied Sciences

³Faculty of Civil Engineering

Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: taychiay@perlis.uitm.edu.my

 

 

Received: 9 December 2014; Accepted: 22 March 2016

 

 

Abstract

This study focuses on activated carbon preparation from spent mushroom farming waste (SMFW) via chemical activation using Box-Behnken design (BBD) of Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Potassium hydroxide (KOH) functions as activating reagent and it play an important role in enhancing the activated carbon porosity. Three input parameters and two responses were evaluated via this software generated experimental design. The effects of three preparation parameters of impregnation ratio, activation time and activation temperature as well as two responses of carbon yield and iodine number were investigated. The optimum conditions for preparing activated carbon from SMFW was found at SMFW: KOH impregnation ratio of 0.25, activation time of 30 min and activation temperature of 400 ^oC which resulted in 28.23 % of carbon yield and 314.14 mg/g of iodine number with desirability of 0.994. The predicted results were well corresponded with experimental results. This study is important in economical large scale SMFW activated carbon preparation for application study of adsorption process for metal treatment in wastewater with minimum chemical and energy input.

 

Keywords: activated carbon, spent mushroom farming waste, Box-Behnken design, response surface methodology

 

Abstrak

Kajian ini memfokuskan penyediaan arang teraktif daripada sisa tanaman cendawan terpakai melalui reka bentuk box-behnken (BBD) dari kaedah gerak balas permukaan (RSM). Potasium hidroksida (KOH) berperanan sebagai agen pengaktifan dan penting untuk meningkatkan liang arang teraktif. Tiga parameter input dan dua respon telah dinilai oleh perisian ini yang dihasilkan oleh rekabentuk eksperimen. Kesan daripada penyediaan tiga parameter iaitu nisbah pemadatan, masa pengaktifan dan suhu pengaktifan serta dua respon iaitu hasil arang teraktif dan nilai iodin telah disiasat. Keadaan optimum dalam penyediaan arang teraktif telah didapati pada nisbah SMFW: KOH iaitu 0.25, tempoh pengaktifan selama 30 min dan suhu pengaktifan 400 °C, di mana ia menghasilkan jumlah maksimum arang teraktif sebanyak 28.23 % dan nilai iodin yang boleh diterima iaitu sebanyak 314.14 mg/g dengan ketepatan 0.994. Keputusan yang telah diramalkan adalah seiring  dengan keputusan eksperimen. Kajian ini adalah penting dalam penyediaan arang teraktif secara berskala besar dengan ekonomi daripada sisa tanaman cendawan terpakai untuk kajian proses penjerapan terhadap rawatan logam dalam air sisa dengan input bahan kimia dan tenaga yang minimum.

 

Kata kunci:  karbon teraktif, sisa tanaman cendawan terpakai, reka bentuk Box-Behnken, kaedah gerak balas permukaan

 

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