Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 20 No 5 (2016): 1059 - 1065

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2005-10

 

 

 

ASSESSMENT OF ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY AND TOTAL PHENOLIC CONTENT FROM GREEN COFFEE Robusta Sp. BEANS

 

(Penilaian Aktiviti Antioksidan dan Kandungan Jumlah Fenolik dari Biji Kopi Robusta Sp. Hijau)

 

Raseetha Siva¹*, Noratikah Rajikin¹, Zaibunnisa Abdul Haiyee¹, Wan Iryani Wan Ismail²

 

¹Faculty of Applied Sciences,

Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia

²School of Fundamental Sciences,

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: raseetha@salam.uitm.edu.my

 

 

Received: 17 August 2015; Accepted: 23 August 2016

 

 

Abstract

Methanol and isopropanol were used as extraction solvent to determine the percentage yield of chlorogenic acid (CGA) in green Robusta (Coffea canephora) coffee bean. CGA was extracted by using isolation method with activated carbon to trap the CGA content from the complex compounds in green coffee beans. Results indicated that percentage yield of CGA extracted by using isopropanol was significantly higher (5.21%) compared to methanol (4.55%). Besides, antioxidant activity and total phenolic content were also analyzed. From this study, isopropanol extracted more antioxidant activity and total phenolic content as compared to methanol. For antioxidant activity, isopropanol and methanol extracted 0.48 mg and 0.15 mg of Fe (II) per gram of dry sample, respectively. For total phenolic content, isopropanol and methanol extracted 30.65 mg and 16.26 mg of gallic acid per gram of dry sample, respectively. Isopropanol extraction with ratio 60:40 (isopropanol: water) conserved more CGA content than methanol which was analyzed using high performance liquid chromatography. Chromatogram showed that the retention time of CGA is at 4.68 minutes which is similar to the retention time of standard CGA.

 

Keywords:  green coffee bean, antioxidant, phenolic, methanol, isopropanol

 

Abstrak

Metanol dan isopropanol telah digunakan sebagai pelarut ekstrak untuk menentukan peratusan hasil asid klorogenik (CGA) di dalam biji kopi hijau Robusta (Coffea canephora). CGA diekstrak dengan menggunakan kaedah pengasingan dengan karbon teraktif berfungsi sebagai perangkap kandungan CGA daripada sebatian kompleks di dalam biji kopi hijau. Keputusan hasil peratusan CGA yang diekstrak oleh isopropanol adalah secara signifikan lebih tinggi (5.21%) berbanding metanol (4.55%).  Selain itu, aktiviti antioksidan dan jumlah kandungan fenolik juga telah dianalisis. Daripada kajian ini, pelarut isopropanol mengekstrak lebih banyak aktiviti antioksidan dan jumlah kandungan fenolik berbanding pelarut metanol.  Bagi penentuan aktiviti antioksidan isopropanol dan metanol berupaya mengekstrak masing – masing 0.48 mg dan 0.15 mg Fe (II) bagi setiap gram sampel kering. Bagi penentuan jumlah kandungan fenolik, isopropanol dan metanol mengekstrak 30.65 mg dan 16.26 mg asid gallic bagi setiap gram sampel kering. Pengekstrakan isopropanol dengan nisbah 60:40 (isopropanol: air) memelihara lebih kandungan CGA daripada metanol yang dianalisa menggunakan kromatografi cecair prestasi tinggi. Kromatogram menunjukkan bahawa masa tahanan CGA adalah pada 4.68 minit selari dengan masa tahanan larutan piawai CGA.

 

Kata kunci:  biji kopi hijau, antioksidan, fenolik, metanol, isopropanol

 

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