Malaysian
Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 20 No 5 (2016): 1052 - 1058
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2005-09
PERFORMANCE OF EGZrO2-EGFe2O3/HY
AS PHOTOCATALYST AND ITS EFFICACY IN DECOLORIZATION OF DYE-CONTAMINANTS
(Keupayaan EGZrO2-EGFe2O3/HY
sebagai Fotomangkin dan Keberkesanannya Dalam Penyahwarnaan Bahan Cemar
Pewarna)
Muhammad
Farhan Hanafi, Norzahir Sapawe*, Mohd Zulkhairi Abdul Rahim, Nurul Nabihah
Rahman,
Abu
Hassan Abd Rahman, Asimi Ana Ahmad
Section of
Technical Foundation,
Universiti Kuala
Lumpur-Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology
(UniKL-MICET),
Lot 1988 Vendor
City, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: norzahir@unikl.edu.my
Received:
17 August 2015; Accepted: 13 June 2016
Abstract
The
performance of electrogenerated metals supported on HY zeolite (EGZrO2-EGFe2O3/HY)
was studied under sunlight irradiation for the decolorization of methylene blue
(MB) and Congo red (CR) in aqueous solutions. The prepared photocatalysts were
examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM),
and Brunnauer-Emmett-Teller surface area analysis (BET). An amount of 0.375 g L−1
EGZrO2-EGFe2O3/HY was found to be the optimum
dosage for 10 mg L−1 dyes, which gave almost complete
photodecolorization of both MB and CR dye after 2 hours of contact time at pH 9
and pH 7, respectively. In addition, a control experiment was also conducted
under similar conditions to confirm the efficacy of the prepared photocatalyst.
The simple preparation of the photocatalyst and low amount of metal loading
required, with simultaneously existence of synergistic effect from both metal
oxides exhibits the great potential of the system that could be applied in
textile or other industries wastewater treatment.
Keywords: photocatalyst, dyes, decolorization, sunlight
Abstrak
Keupayaan
logam elektrogenerasi disokong pada zeolit HY (EGZrO2-EGFe2O3/HY) telah dijalankan di bawah
sinar matahari untuk penyahwarnaan metilena biru (MB) dan Congo merah (CR)
dalam larutan akues. Fotomangkin telah dikaji menggunakan pembelauan sinar
X-ray (XRD), mikroskopi elektron transmisi (TEM), dan analisis luas permukaan
Brunnauer-Emmett-Teller (BET). Sejumlah 0.375 g L−1
EGZrO2-EGFe2O3/HY telah didapati sebagai dos optimum untuk 10 mg L−1 larutan pewarna, yang memberikan penyahwarnaan hampir
lengkap bagi kedua-dua pewarna MB dan CR selepas 2 jam tindak balas pada pH 9
dan pH 7. Di samping itu, satu eksperimen kawalan juga telah dijalankan pada keadaan
yang sama untuk mengesahkan keberkesanan fotomangkin yang disediakan.
Penyediaan yang mudah untuk fotomangkin dan jumlah muatan logam sedikit yang
diperlukan, pada masa yang sama dengan kewujudan kesan sinergi dari kedua-dua
oksida logam mempamerkan potensi besar untuk sistem ini digunakan dalam
industri tekstil atau industri rawatan air sisa yang lain.
Kata kunci: fotomangkin, pewarna, peyahwarnaan, sinar matahari
References
1. Mahmoodi, N. M.
(2013). Magnetic ferrite nanoparticle–alginate
composite: Synthesis, characterization and binary system dye removal. Journal of Taiwan Institute
of Chemical Engineer, 44: 322 – 330.
2. Jaafar,
N. F., Jalil, A. A., Triwahyono, S., Muhid, M. N. M., Sapawe, N., Satar, M. A. H.
and Asaari H. (2012). Photodecolorization of methyl orange over α–Fe2O3–supported
HY catalysts: The effects of catalyst preparation and dealumination. Chemical
Engineering Journal, 191:
112 – 122.
3. Sapawe,
N., Jalil, A. A., Triwahyono, S., Adam, S. H., Jaafar, N. F. and Satar, M. A.
H. (2012). Isomorphous substitution of Zr in the framework of aluminosilicate
HY by an electrochemical method: Evaluation by methylene blue decolorization. Applied Catalysis B: Environment, 125:
311 – 323.
4. Sapawe,
N., Jalil, A. A., Triwahyono, S., Sah, R. A. R. N., Jusoh, N. W. C., Hairom, N.
H. H. and Efendi. (2013). Electrochemical strategy for grown ZnO nanoparticles
deposited onto HY zeolite with enhanced photodecolorization of methylene blue:
Effect of the formation of Si–O–Zn bonds. Applied
Catalysis A: General, 456: 144 – 158.
5. Sapawe, N., Jalil, A. A.,
Triwahyono, S., Shah, M. I. A., Jusoh, R., Salleh, N. F. M., Hameed, B. H. and Karim,
A. H. (2013). Cost–effective
microwave rapid synthesis of zeolite NaA for removal of methylene blue. Chemical Engineering Journal, 229: 388 – 398.
6. Jalil,
A. A., Triwahyono, S., Yaakob, M. R., Azmi, Z. Z. A., Sapawe, N., Kamarudin, N.
H. N., Setiabudi, H. D., Jaafar, N. F., Sidik, S. M., Adam, S. H. and Hameed,
B. H. (2012). Utilization of bivalve shell–treated Zea mays L. (maize) husk leaf as a low–cost biosorbent for enhanced
adsorption of malachite green. Bioresource
Technology, 120: 218 – 224.
7. Jalil,
A. A., Triwahyono, S., Sapawe, N., Ahmed, I. H., Aziz, M. A. A. (2014).
Low–temperature stabilization of electrolysynthesized tetragonal zirconia, its
photoactivity toward methylene blue decolorization. Desalination and Water Treatment, 56(9): 1–15.
8. Rodrigues,
C. D. S., Madeira, L. M. and Boaventura, R. A. R. (2009). Treatment of textile
effluent by chemical (Fenton’s Reagent) and biological (Sequencing batch
reactor) oxidation. Journal of Hazardous
Material, 172: 1551 – 1559.
9. Damodar,
R. A., You, S. J., Ou, S. H. (2010). Coupling of membrane separation with
photocatalytic slurry reactor for advanced dye wastewater treatment. Separation and Purification Technology,
76: 64 – 71.
10. Aleksic,
M., Kusic, H., Koprivanac, N., Leszczynska, D. and Bozic, A. L. (2010).
Heterogenous fenton type processes for the degradation of organic dye pollutant
in water – The application of zeolite assisted AOPs. Desalination, 257: 22 – 29.
11. Jalil,
A. A., Satar, M. A. H., Triwahyono, S., Setiabudi, H. D., Kamarudin, N. H. N.,
Jaafar, N. F., Sapawe, N. and Ahmad, R. (2013). Tailoring the current density
to enhance photocatalytic activity of CuO/HY for decolorization of malachite
green. Journal of Electroanalytical
Chemistry, 701: 50 – 58.
12. Jusoh,
N. W. C., Jalil, A. A., Triwahyono, S., Setiabudi, H. D., Sapawe, N., Satar, M.
A. H., Karim, A. H., Kamarudin, N. H. N., Jusoh, R., Jaafar, N. F., Salamun, N.
and Efendi, J. (2013). Sequential desilication–isomorphous substitution route
to prepare mesostructured silica nanoparticles loaded with ZnO and their
photocatalytic activity. Applied
Catalysis A: General, 468: 276 – 287.
13. Jusoh,
R., Jalil, A. A., Triwahyono, S., Idris, A., Haron, S., Sapawe, N., Jaafar, N.
F., Jusoh, N. W. C. (2014). Synthesis of reverse micelle α–FeOOH nanoparticles
in Ionic liquid as an only electrolyte: Inhibition of electron-hole pair
recombination for efficient photoactivity. Applied
Catalysis A: General, 469: 33 – 44.
14. Sapawe,
N. (2015). Effective solar-based iron oxide supported HY zeolite catalyst for
the decolorization of organic and simulated dyes. New Journal of Chemistry, 39: 6377 – 6387.
15. Sapawe,
N., Jaafar, N. F., Hairom, N. H. H., Satar, M. A. H., Ariffin, M. N.,
Triwahyono, S. and Jalil, A. A. (2011). A facile preparation of nanosized ZnO
and its use in photocatalytic decorization of methyl orange. Malaysian Journal of Fundamental and Applied
Sciences, 7: 19 – 23.
16. Sapawe,
N., Jalil, A. A. and Triwahyono, S. (2013). One–pot electro–synthesis of
ZrO–ZnO/HY nanocomposite for photocatalytic decolorization of various
dye–contaminants. Chemical Engineering
Journal, 225: 254 –
265.
17. Sapawe,
N. (2015). Hybridization of zirconia, zinc and iron supported on HY zeolite as
a solar-based catalyst for the rapid decolorization of various dyes. New Journal of Chemistry, 39: 4526 – 4533.
18. Sapawe,
N. and Hanafi, M. F. (2016). Facile one-pot electrolysis of high photoreactive
hexacoordinated Si with Zr and Zn catalyst. RSC
Advances, 5: 75141 – 75144.