Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 21 No 1 (2017): 13 - 19

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2017-2101-02

 

 

 

MgCl₂ AS EFFICIENT AND INEXPENSIVE CATALYST FOR THE SYNTHESIS OF 1,4-DIHYDROPYRIDINE DERIVATIVES

 

(MgCl₂ Sebagai Pemangkin Cekap dan Murah untuk Sintesis Terbitan 1,4-Dihidropiridina)

 

Siti Nur Aqlili Riana Mohd Asseri¹, Sian Hui Tan¹, Wan Nurul Khursyiah Wan Mohamad¹, Seng Chee Poh¹,

Poh Wai Chia^1,2*, Su-Yin Kan³, Tse Seng Chuah⁴

 

¹School of Marine Science and Environment

²Institute Marine Biotechnology

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

³Faculty of Health Sciences,

Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, 21300 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

                ⁴School of Food Science and Technology,

Universiti Malaysia Terengganu, 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: pohwai@umt.edu.my

 

 

Received: 17 August 2016; Accepted: 25 October 2016

 

 

Abstract

The synthesis of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives in the presence of alkaline earth metal chlorides was reported. Specifically, the MgCl₂ catalyzed the synthesis of 1,4-DHP derivatives in good yields, ranging from 69 – 87%. The Mg²⁺ serves as the Lewis acid catalyst in the formation of 1,4-DHP and the proposed mechanism of the formation of 1,4-DHP was elaborated in this manuscript. There are many advantages employing MgCl₂ as a catalyst in this study, including inexpensive, ubiquitous availability of this metal, simple filtration protocol, which has spark considerable interest in the use of this catalyst in promoting organic reactions.

 

Keywords:  alkaline earth metal, magnesium chloride; 1,4-dihydropyridine

 

Abstrak

Sintesis terbitan 1,4-dihidropiridina (1,4-DHP) dalam kehadiran logam alkali bumi dibincangkan dalam artikel ini. Secara khususnya, sintesis terbitan 1,4-DHP melalui pemangkin MgCl₂ memberi peratusan hasil yang baik, dalam lingkungan 69 –87%. Ion Mg²⁺ bertindak sebagai pemangkin asid Lewis dalam pembentukan 1,4-DHP dan cadangan mekanisma terhadap pembentukan 1,4-DHP telah dihuraikan dalam manuskrip ini. Terdapat banyak kelebihan menggunakan MgCl₂ sebagai pemangkin dalam kajian ini, termasuk kos yang murah, ketersediaan logam ini, protokol pengekstrakan yang mudah, yang mana ini telah mencetuskan minat yang besar dalam penggunaan pemangkin ini dalam pelbagai tindak balas organik.

 

Kata kunci:  logam alkali bumi, magnesium klorida, 1,4-dihydropiridin

 

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