Sains Malaysiana 30: 55-67 (2001)                                                                                                     Sains Bumi /

Earth Sciences

Penilaian Ciri Fiziko-kimia Tanah Cerun di Kawasan

Lombong Emas Bukit Koman, Raub, Pahang

(Physico-chemical Characteristics of Soil on Slopecut at Gold Mining

Area at Bukit Koman, Raub, Pahang)

Zulfahmi Ali Rahman, Salibin Abd Rahim, Lee Lai Yeen

Program Sains Sekitaran

Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia

43600 UKM Bangi Selangor D.E, Malaysia

ABSTRAK

Kajian ke atas cirifiziko-kimia tanah dilakukan terhadap cerun-cerun potongan di kawasan bekas lombong emas Bukit Koman. Kebanyakan sampel tanah adalah bertekstur lempung dengan peratusan lempung antara 44.0% hingga 65.3%. Sampel-sampel tanah juga menunjukkan darjah penggredan yang baik dengan nilai Cμ melebihi 15. Peratusan kandungan air adalah berjulat 0.64% hingga 7.23%. Terdapat hubungan korelasi positif yang signifikan (r=0.737***) antara kandungan air dan peratusan lempung dan antara kandungan air dan bahan organik (r=0.549***). Kehadiran lempung dan bahan organik dapat meningkatkan keupayaan pemegangan air yang tinggi dalam tanah. Nilai keliangan tanah yang dikaji tidak menunjukkan perbezaan rang bermakna (54.7%-57.6%). Nilai pH tanah pula adalah antara pH 2.6 dan pH 5.4 dan menunjukkan kehadiran ferum oksida yang rendah (< 6%). Sifat asidik tanah telah menyebabkan pelarutan ferum oksida yang berperanan penting sebagai agen penyimen antara butiran tanah. Keadaan ini menyebabkan pembentukan struktur aggregatan tanah yang lemah dan mudah mengalami hakisan. Terdapat hubungan positif yang menunjukkan bahawa pH telah mempengaruhi kehadiran ferum oksida dalam tanah.

ABSTRACT

The study of physico-chemical characteristics of soils were carried out on slopecut within the gold mining area of Bukit Koman. Most of the soil samples were of clayey texture with clay content between 44.0% and 65.3%. The soil samples have good grading of C values higher than 15. The water content ranges from 0.64% to 7.23%. There is a positive significant correlation (r=0.737***) between water and clay contents and between water and organic content (r=0.549***). The presence of clay and organic matter increase the ability of soil to hold water. The soil porosity showed no significant difference among samples (54.7%-57.6%). The soil pH ranges between pH 2.6 and pH 5.4 with low content of ferum oxide (< 6%). The acidic soil caused the dissolution of ferrum oxide that acts as a cementation agent between soil particles. This leads to poor formation of soil aggregates, causing the soil erodibility to become higher. A positive correlation was obtained between soil pH influent and the presence of ferrum oxide in the soils.

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