Sains Malaysiana 39(2)(2010): 239–242

Cationic Starch as a Dry Strength Agent in Magnetic Papermaking

(Kanji Kation sebagai Agen Kekuatan Kering di dalam Pembuatan Kertas Magnet)

Ainun Zuriyati Mohamed @ Asa’ari*

Laboratory of Biopolymer and Derivatives, Institute of Tropical Forestry & Forest Products (INTROP) Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Sarani Zakaria, Roslinda Shamsudin

Material Science Programme, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Mustaffa Abdullah

Physics Programme, School of Applied Physics, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E., Malaysia

Received: 28 March 2008 / Accepted: 24 November 2008

ABSTRACT

The mechanical strength of magnetic lumen loaded handsheets was reported to be lower than the unloaded handsheets. This effect is due to the deposition of filler inside the fiber lumen and some on the fibre surface which interfere with the fibre to fibre bonding. Hence, in order to improve the handsheets strength, cationic starch is used as a dry strength additive. In this study, mixed tropical hardwood pulps were used throughout the experiment. The magnetite particles were deposited in the fibre lumen via the lumen loading technique. The addition of cationic starch was found to increase the handsheet strength. However, it disturbed and influenced the location and distribution of the magnetic fillers. Some of the magnetite particles were observed to be displaced from the fiber lumen and pit apertures. The charges of the filler particles and cationic starch played an important role in producing charge repulsion and pulling effect which lead to filler dislocation.

Keywords: Dry strength agent; lumen loading technique; magnetic paper; papermaking; polyacrylamide

ABSTRAK

Kekuatan mekanik kertas makmal menggunakan teknik pemasukan lumen dilaporkan lebih rendah daripada kertas makmal tanpa pemasukan lumen. Kesan ini adalah disebabkan kemasukan pengisi ke dalam lumen gentian dan terdapat gangguan pada ikatan antara gentian. Oleh itu, bagi memperbaiki kekuatan kertas makmal, kanji kation digunakan sebagai penambah kekuatan. Dalam kajian ini, pulpa tropika campuran digunakan. Partikel magnetit dimasukkan ke dalam lumen melalui kaedah pemasukan lumen. Penambahan kanji kation didapati meningkatkan kekuatan kertas. Namun begitu, penambahan ini telah mengganggu lokasi kemasukan dan taburan pengisi. Terdapat partikel magnet yang tersasar dari kawasan lumen dan bukaan pit. Dipercayai cas partikel magnet dan kanji kation memainkan kesan yang penting untuk menghasilkan gangguan cas dan kesan penarikan yang mengakibatkan kemasukan pengisi yang rendah.

Kata kunci : Agen kekuatan kering; kertas magnet; pembuatan kertas; poliakrilamida; teknik pemasukan lumen

REFERENCES

Ainun, Z.M.A., Sarani, Z., Mustaffa, A. & Roslinda S. 2003. Kesan penggunaan poliakrilamida terhadap pemasukan magnet ke dalam lumen gentian pulpa tropika campuran in Prosiding Kolokium Siswazah Ketiga, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia.

Bjšrklund, M. & WŒgberg, L. 1995. Flocculation of cellulosic fibres following addition of cationic starch. Journal of Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 105: 199-209.

Hofreiter, B.T. 1981. In Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Technology, edited by Casey, J.P. Vol. 3. Third Edition. New York: John Wiley and Sons Inc.

Marton, J. & Marton, T. 1976. Wet end starch: Adsorption of starch on cellulosic fibers. Tappi Journal 59(12): 121-124.

Rioux, P., Ricard, S. & Marchessault, R.H., 1992. The preparation of magnetic papermaking fibers. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science 18(1): J39-J43.

Zakaria, S., Ong, B.H. & van de Ven, T.G.M. 2004a. Lumen loading magnetic paper I: flocculation. Journal of Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 251: 1-4.

Zakaria, S., Ong, B.H. & van de Ven, T.G.M. 2004b. Lumen loading magnetic paper II: mechanism and kinetics. Journal of Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects 251: 31-36.

Zakaria, S., Ong, B.H., Ahmad, S.H., Abdullah, M. & Yamauchi, T. 2005. Preparation of lumen-loaded kenaf pulp with magnetite (Fe3O4). Journal of Materials Chemistry and Physics 89: 216-220.

*Corresponding author; email: ainun.introp@gmail.com