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Sains Malaysiana 44(2)(2015): 193–201
Assessment of GHG Emission Reduction Potential from Source-separated Organic Waste (SOW) Management: Case Study in a Higher Educational Institution
in Malaysia
(Penilaian Potensi Pengurangan Pelepasan GHG daripada Pengurusan Sumber Sisa Organik
Dipisahkan (SOW): Kajian Kes di Institusi Pendidikan Tinggi di Malaysia)
CHEE GUAN NG*
& SUMIANI YUSOFF
Department
of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of
Malaya
59100
Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Received:
9 September 2013/Accepted: 7 July 2014
ABSTRACT
In Malaysia, the
greenhouse gases (GHGs)
emissions reduction via composting of source-separated organic waste (SOW) in municipal solid
waste (MSW) has not been
assessed. Assessment of GHG emissions
reduction via composting of SOW is
important as environmental impacts from waste management are waste-specific and
local-specific. The study presents the case study for potential carbon
reduction via composting of SOW in
University of Malaya (UM).
In this study, a series of calculations were used to evaluate the GHG emission of different SOW management scenarios.
The calculations based on IPCC calculation
methods (AM0025) include GHGs emissions from
landfilling, fuel consumption in transportation and SOW composting activity. The methods were applied to assess the GHG emissions from five
alternative SOW management
scenarios in UM. From the
baseline scenario (S0), a total of 1,636.18 tCO2e was generated. In conjunction with target of 22% recycling rate,
as shown in S1, 14% reduction in potential GHG emission can be achieved. The carbon reduction can be further
enhanced by increasing the SOW composting
capacity. The net GHG emission
for S1, S2, S3 and S4 were 1,399.52, 1,161.29, 857.70 and 1,060.48 tCO2e, respectively. In
general, waste diversion for composting proved a significant net GHG emission reduction as
shown in S3 (47%), S4 (35%) and S2 (29%). Despite the emission due
to direct on-site activity, the significant reduction in methane generation at
landfill has reduced the net GHG emission.
The emission source of each scenario was studied and analysed.
Keywords: Composting; GHG; kitchen waste; SOW; university; waste
management; yard waste
ABSTRAK
Di Malaysia, pengurangan pelepasan gas rumah hijau (GHG) melalui pengkomposan punca dipisahkan sumber organik (SOW) dalam sisa pepejal perbandaran (MSW) belum pernah dinilai. Penilaian pengurangan pelepasan GHG melalui kompos daripada SOW adalah penting kerana kesannya terhadap alam sekitar disebabkan daripada pengurusan sisa buangan adalah khusus-sisa buangan dan khusus-tempatan. Kertas ini membentangkan kajian kes bagi potensi pengurangan karbon melalui aktiviti pengkomposan SOW di Universiti Malaya (UM). Dalam kajian ini, satu siri pengiraan digunakan untuk menilai pelepasan GHG melalui pengurusan SOW berbeza. Pengiraan berdasarkan kaedah pengiraan IPCC (AM0025) adalah termasuk pelepasan GHG dari tapak pelupusan, penggunaan bahan api kenderaan dan aktiviti pengkomposan SOW. Kaedah ini digunakan untuk menilai pelepasan GHG daripada lima alternatif senario pengurusan SOW di UM. Daripada senario asas (S0), sejumlah 1636.18
tCO2e telah dijana. Selaras dengan sasaran kadar kitar semula 22%, seperti yang ditunjukkan dalam S1, 14% potensi pengurangan dalam pelepasan GHG boleh dicapai. Pengurangan karbon boleh dipertingkatkan lagi dengan meningkatkan kapasiti pengkomposan SOW. Pelepasan bersih GHG untuk S1, S2, S3 dan S4, masing-masing adalah 1,399.52, 1,161.29, 857.70 dan 1,060.48 tCO2e. Secara umum, sisa lencongan untuk pengkomposan terbukti bersih GHG mengurangkan pelepasan ketara secara signifikan seperti ditunjukkan dalam S3 (47%), S4
(35%) dan S2 (29%). Walaupun pelepasan adalah secara langsung disebabkan aktiviti di lokasi, penurunan ketara dalam penghasilan metana di tapak pelupusan sampah telah mengurangkan pelepasan bersih GHG. Sumber pelepasan setiap senario dikaji dan dianalisis.
Kata kunci: GHG; pengkomposan; pengurusan sisa; sisa dapur; sisa lapangan; SOW;
university
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*Corresponding author; email: guancher@hotmail.com
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