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Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2617–2624 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-04
Induction of Polyploid Tillered
Onion using Colchicine and Pendimethalin (Aruhan Poliploid Bawang Bercelaga menggunakan
Kolkisin dan Pendimethalin) JIAN REN1,2,
XIAOXU
WU1,2,
CE
SONG1,2,
YU
LIANG1,2,
WENZHENG
GAO1,2
& YONG WANG1,2* 1College of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture, Northeast Agricultural
University, Harbin 150030, China 2Key
Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural
Crops (Northeast Region), Ministry
of Agriculture, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030,
China Received:
20 February 2018 /Accepted: 29 June 2018 ABSTRACT The shoot tip explants of the
tillered onion line Z-018 were used as experimental materials.
The effects of colchicine and pendimethalin on the induction of
polyploid tillered onion were studied in vitro with different concentrations and treatment time. Treatment
with 250 μmol/L colchicine for 4 days caused a variant rate
of 42.22% and a mortality rate of 36.67%, whereas treatment with
30 μmol/L pendimethalin for 6 days caused a variant rate
of 41.11% and a mortality rate of 24.44%. Subsequent cytological
identification showed that tetraploid plants were successfully
induced by both mutagens. Compared with the diploid plants, the
tetraploid plants exhibited slower growth, thicker leaves, stems
and roots, larger stomatal apparatus and increased number of chloroplasts.
In addition, the obtained tetraploid plants have thicker tubular
leaves, decreased number of tillers, larger bulbs and increased
yield of the products. This provides the basis for future research
on tillered onion germplasm resources. Keywords: Colchicine; germplasm
resources; pendimethalin; polyploid induction; tillered onion ABSTRAK Eksplan hujung pucuk bawang
bercelaga titisan Z-018 telah digunakan sebagai bahan uji kaji.
Kesan daripada kolkisin dan pendimetalin ke atas aruhan poliploid
bawang bercelaga telah dikaji secara in vitro dengan kepekatan dan masa rawatan yang berbeza. Rawatan
dengan 250 μmol/L kolkisin selama 4 hari menyebabkan kadar
varian 42.22% dan kadar kematian 36.67%, manakala rawatan dengan
30 μmol/L pendimetalin selama 6 hari menyebabkan kadar varian
41.11% dan kadar kematian sebanyak 24.44%. Pengenalan sitologi
selanjutnya menunjukkan bahawa tumbuhan tetraploid telah berjaya
diaruh oleh kedua-dua mutagen. Berbanding dengan tumbuhan diploid,
tumbuhan tetraploid menunjukkan pertumbuhan yang lebih perlahan,
daun, batang dan akar yang lebih tebal, peralatan stomatal yang
lebih besar dan peningkatan bilangan kloroplas. Selain itu, tumbuhan
tetraploid yang diperoleh mempunyai tiub daun lebih tebal, bilangan
celaga yang berkurangan, bebawang yang lebih besar dan peningkatan
hasil keluaran. Kajian ini menyediakan sumber asas untuk penyelidikan
germplasma bawang bercelaga pada masa hadapan. Kata kunci: Aruhan poliploid; bawang bercelaga; kolkisin; pendimethalin;
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*Corresponding author; email: yongwang@neau.edu.cn
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