Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2637–2645

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-06

 

Genetic Diversity among Tomato Accessions based on Agro-Morphological Traits

(Kepelbagaian Genetik antara Penerimaan Tomato berdasarkan Ciri Agro Morfologi)

IZHAR HUSSAIN^1*, SHER ASLAM KHAN¹, SAJID ALI², ABID FARID¹, NAUSHAD ALI¹, SARDAR ALI¹, SHAH MASAUD¹, IJAZ HUSSAIN¹, KAMRAN AZEEM¹ & HANEEF RAZA³

 

¹Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Haripur, 22620, Pakistan

 

²Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering, University of Agriculture Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan

 

³Department of plant breeding and Genetic, University of Agriculture Peshawar, KPK, Pakistan

 

Received: 19 December 2017/Accepted: 28 June 2018

 

ABSTRACT

It is of great importance to know about the genetic diversity, conservation and classification for further utilization of tomato germplasm resources. Therefore, 40 tomato accessions were evaluated on the basic of agro-morphological traits for genetic diversity in 2014. The experiment was conducted at Agricultural Research Farm, University of Haripur and farmer field in Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Principal component analysis showed that five out of 27 principal components with an eigenvalue above 1.0 were considered for 74.10% of the total variance. The major contributing traits in variations were days to flowering (DFL), days to fruiting (DFR), fruit size (FS), fruit weight plant-1 (FW), yield plot-1 (YPP), yield hectare-1 (YPH), leaf length (LL), predominant fruit shape (PDFS), fruit length (FL), fruit width (FWidth), clusters plant-1 (CPP), fruits plant-1 (FPP) and plant height (PH). The scattered plot of the PC’s revealed that the accessions were scattered in all the quarters, which is also a representative that high level of genetic variability was present. FW and FL were positively correlated with YPH. However, the remaining yield components indirectly contributed YPH. Cluster analysis divided 40 accessions into four main clusters (I, II, III and IV), each of which having 12, 11, 07 and 10 accessions. The accessions in clusters I and II were statistically similar and performed better in terms of yield and yield related traits. Grouping into different clusters was associated with their agro-morphological differences. These results could be serving as a useful resource for further characterization, preservation and breeding programs.

 

Keywords: Accessions; analysis; cluster; diversity; tomato

 

ABSTRAK

Adalah penting untuk mengetahui tentang kepelbagaian genetik, pemuliharaan dan pengelasan bagi penggunaan sumber germplasma tomato. Oleh itu, 40 penerimaan tomato telah dinilai berasaskan ciri agro morfologi bagi kepelbagaian genetik pada tahun 2014. Uji kaji ini telah dijalankan di Ladang Penyelidikan Pertanian, Universiti Haripur dan padang petani di Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Analisis komponen utama menunjukkan bahawa lima daripada 27 komponen utama dengan nilai eigen melebihi 1.0 telah diambil kira 74.10% daripada jumlah varians. Ciri utama penyumbang dalam variasi ialah hari untuk berbunga (DFL), hari untuk berbuah (DFR), saiz buah (FS), berat pokok buah-buahan-1 (FW) hasil plot-1 (YPP), hasil hektar-1 (YPH), panjang daun (LL), bentuk utama buah-buahan (PDF), panjang buah (FL), lebar buah (FWidth), kelompok tanaman-1 (CPP), buah tanaman-1 (FPP) dan ketinggian tanaman (PH). Plot PC yang berselerak menunjukkan penerimaan adalah berselerak di dalam semua bahagian yang mewakili kepelbagaian genetik tahap tinggi telah berlaku. FW dan FL berkorelasi secara positif dengan YPH. Walau bagaimanapun, komponen hasil baki secara tidak langsung menyumbang kepada YPH. Analisis kelompok membahagikan 40 penerimaan kepada empat kelompok utama (I, II, III dan IV) dengan setiap daripadanya mempunyai 12, 11, 07 dan 10 penerimaan. Penerimaan untuk kelompok I dan II adalah sama secara statistik dan menunjukkan hasil yang lebih baik dari sudut penghasilan dan ciri berdasarkan penghasilan. Pengelompokan kepada kelompok yang berlainan dikaitkan dengan perbezaan agro morfologi mereka. Keputusan kajian ini sangat membantu sebagai satu sumber yang berguna untuk kesinambungan pencirian, pemeliharaan dan program pembiakbakaan.

 

Kata kunci: Analisis; kluster; kepelbagaian; penerimaan; tomato

 

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*Corresponding author; email: izharhussain29@gmail.com