Sains Malaysiana 47(11)(2018): 2647–2655

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4711-07

 

The Effects of Temperature on Callus Induction and Regeneration in Selected Malaysian Rice Cultivar Indica

(Kesan Suhu ke atas Induksi Kalus dan Pertumbuhan Semula dalam Kultivar Indica Padi Malaysia Terpilih)

 

SURAIYA BINTE MOSTAFIZ, ALINA WAGIRAN^*, NUR SYAFIQOH JOHAN, NUR SALIHA ABDLLAH ZULKIFLI & NG JA MING

 

Department of Biotechnology and Medical Engineering, Faculty of Biosciences and Medical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 UTM, Johor Bahru, Johor Darul Takzim, Malaysia

 

Received: 3 January 2018 /Accepted: 8 July 2018

 

ABSTRACT

The development of an efficient tissue culture protocol for somatic embryo would facilitate the genetic modification in breeding program. The present study describes the reproducible protocols for three wetland Malaysian rice cultivars (MR232, MR220 and MR220-CL2) and upland rice (Bario) via somatic embryogenesis. In the present study, four pre-heat treatments (35, 40, 45 and 50°C) were applied to mature seeds with different imbibition periods (3, 5 and 7 days) prior to culture on MS media with 3 mg/L 2,4-D. The results showed that the cultivars exhibited the highest callus induction percentage from 45°C pre-heated seeds and 3 days imbibition (100%, 96%, 100% and 95% for MR232, MR220, MR220-CL2 and Bario, respectively). Callus was induced early ranging from 3 to 12 days compared to without pre-heat treatment. The regeneration efficiency for MR220 and MR220-CL2 cultivars was significantly higher compared to the control treatment. However, both 45°C and 25°C (control) treatments produced higher plantlet regeneration for MR232 and Bario. This study observed that pre-heat treated seeds prior to callus induction did promote callusing and hence regeneration. These findings can be used to establish a suitable protocol for the in vitro regeneration system for several genetic improvements in the numerous stress tolerances of Malaysian rice.

 

Keywords: Bario; callus; MR220-Cl2; pre-heat treatment; regeneration; rice

 

ABSTRAK

Pembangunan protokol kultur tisu untuk penghasilan embrio somatik dapat membantu dalam pengubahsuaian genetik bagi rancangan pembiakbakaan. Kajian ini melaporkan protokol boleh ulang bagi tiga kultivar padi bendang Malaysia (MR232, MR220 dan MR220-CL2) dan padi bukit (Bario) melalui embriogenesis somatik. Dalam kajian ini, biji benih matang didedahkan kepada empat rawatan pra-pemanasan (35, 40, 45 dan 50°C) dengan masa pedapan yang berbeza (3, 5 dan 7 hari) sebelum dikultur pada medium MS yang mengandungi 3 mg/L 2,4-D. Keputusan kajian ini menunjukkan semua kultivar menghasilkan peratusan induksi kalus tertinggi daripada rawatan pra-pemanasan benih pada suhu 45°C dan 3 hari pedapan (100%, 96%, 100% dan 95% untuk MR232, MR220, MR220-CL2 dan Bario). Kalus diinduksi lebih awal pada kadar 3 ke 12 hari dibandingkan dengan tanpa rawatan pra-pemanasan. Keberkesanan penjanaan semula adalah lebih tinggi untuk kultivar MR220 dan MR220-CL2 dibandingkan dengan kawalan manakala kedua-dua rawatan pra-pemanasan 45°C dan kawalan mempunyai penjanaan semula anak pokok yang tinggi untuk MR232 dan Bario. Kajian ini menunjukkan bahawa rawatan pra-pemanasan ke atas biji benih sebelum penginduksian kalus menggalakkan pertumbuhan kalus dan juga penjanaan semula. Penemuan ini boleh digunakan untuk menghasilkan protokol yang sesuai untuk sistem penjanaan semula in vitro sebagai penambahbaikan kepada pelbagai jenis daya tahan padi Malaysia.

 

Kata kunci: Bario; kalus; MR220-CL2; padi; penjanaan semula; rawatan pra-pemanasan

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*Corresponding author; email: alina@utm.my