Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017): 1749–1756

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-11

 

Pengoptimumam Pemprosesan Komposit rHDPE Berpenguat Sekam Padi dengan Kaedah Tindak Balas Permukaan (RSM)

(Optimization of rHDPE Reinforced Rice Husk Composite Processing by Response Surface Method (RSM))

NISHATA ROYAN RAJENDRAN ROYAN*, ABU BAKAR SULONG, NOR YULIANA YUHANA, MOHD HAFIZUDDIN AB GHANI & SAHRIM AHMAD

 

Fakulti Kejuruteraan dan Alam Bina, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 24 Mac 2017/Diterima: 9 Jun 2017

 

ABSTRAK

Kaedah tindak balas permukaan (RSM) telah digunakan untuk mengoptimumkan penyediaan biokomposit rHDPE berpenguat sekam padi sebagai pengisi. Sekam padi adalah sisa pertanian yang mempunyai ciri-ciri kayu dan digunakan secara pesat dalam bidang komposit kayu plastik. Kesan parameter suhu, tekanan serta masa proses tekanan panas ke atas kekuatan tegangan telah dikaji. Reka bentuk Box Bechken telah digunakan untuk menentukan parameter optimum biokomposit yang mempunyai kekuatan tegangan yang tinggi. Model tertib kedua telah dibangunkan untuk meramalkan kekuatan tegangan berdasarkan reka bentuk komposit. Didapati bahawa komposit sesuai digunakan apabila model regresi kuadratik dengan pekali penentu bilang (R2) yang tinggi. Keadaan proses menekan yang optimum dicapai pada suhu 180°C, tekanan 1000 psi dan masa 9 min dengan pekali penentu berbilang mencapai 97%. Di bawah keadaan yang optimum ini, komposit yang mengandungi 10, 20, 30, 40 dan 50% gentian RH telah disediakan. Kekuatan tegangan dan modulus tegangan biokomposit menunjukkan peningkatan apabila kandungan gentian RH ditambah.

 

Kata kunci: Biokomposit; kaedah tindak balas permukaan; kekuatan tegangan; pengoptimuman; sekam padi

 

ABSTRACT

In this study, response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize preparation of biocomposites based on rHDPE and rice husk (RH) filler. RH is an agriculture waste which has the characteristic of wood and being used tremendously in wood plastic composites. The effects of pressing temperature, pressing pressure and pressing time on tensile strength were investigated. A Box Bechken design was employed to determine the optimum preparation condition of the biocomposites to obtain the highest tensile strength. A second-order polynomial model was developed for predicting the tensile strength based on the composite design. It was found that composites were best fit by a quadratic regression model with high coefficient of determination (R2) value. The selected optimum pressing condition was 180°C at 1000 psi and 9 min of pressing, leading to a desirability of 97%. Under the optimum condition, the composites were then prepared containing 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 wt. % of RH fibers. The tensile strength and the tensile modulus of the biocomposites shows a good trend, respectively.

 

Keywords: Biocomposite; optimization; response surface methodology; rice husk; tensile strength

 

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: ry_nish@yahoo.com

 

 

 

 

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