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Sains Malaysiana 46(9)(2017): 1521–1529 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4609-22
Pencirian Mikroskopi Butiran Kuarza Laut Cetek Muara Sungai Kelantan Hingga Pelantar Benua Laut China Selatan, Semenanjung Malaysia (Microscopic
Characterization of Quartz Grains of Shallow Water Sungai Kelantan
Delta NURUL
AFIFAH
MOHD
RADZIR*,
CHE
AZIZ
ALI
& KAMAL ROSLAN MOHAMED Program
Geologi, Pusat Pengajian Sains Sekitaran dan Sumber Alam, Fakulti
Sains dan Teknologi Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Diserahkan:
16 November 2016/Diterima: 21 Jun 2017 ABSTRAK Pencirian butiran kuarza
berskala mikro dengan menggunakan mikroskop pengimbas elektron
(SEM)
menemukan beberapa jenis kuarza yang mempunyai tekstur dan morfologi
butiran kuarza berbeza. Penggunaan kaedah ini telah berjaya mengenal
pasti enam jenis butiran kuarza iaitu kuarza jenis A, B, C, D,
E dan F. Pengelasan dibuat berdasarkan tekstur dan morfologi butiran
yang menggambarkan sejarah pengangkutan (proses mekanik) dan pengendapan
yang telah dilalui oleh butiran kuarza tersebut. Keenam-enam jenis
kuarza tersebut diterbitkan oleh dua faktor geologi iaitu genetik
butiran kuarza dan proses mekanik semasa pengangkutan. Hasil daripada
pembahagian faktor ini, dua wilayah taburan jenis butiran kuarza
telah dikenal pasti iaitu wilayah I dan wilayah II. Wilayah I
mencirikan kuarza yang mengalami proses mekanik lemah sehingga
sederhana dan dikenal pasti sebagai sedimen Resen yang diangkut
melalui Sungai Kelantan sebelum dienapkan ke dalam kawasan lembangan
Laut China Selatan. Sedimen Resen ini menunjukkan tekstur permukaan
yang tidak kasar dicirikan oleh tanda V berdiameter < 2 μm
atau tiada dan berbentuk bulat hingga bersegi. Manakala, wilayah
II pula mempunyai butiran kuarza yang telah mengalami proses mekanik
yang sederhana tinggi sehingga sangat tinggi. Sedimen yang dicerap
di wilayah II ini merupakan campuran sedimen Resen dan sedimen
baki yang terdiri daripada sedimen sub-arkos lautan yang telah
dienapkan sejak 5000 tahun lampau. Sedimen sub-arkos lautan ini
mengalami beberapa kali proses mekanik yang menghasilkan tekstur
yang kasar, tanda V <2 μm hingga >2 μm dan lelasan
yang tinggi pada permukaan kuarza dan morfologi yang bulat hingga
hampir sfera. Kata kunci: Morfologi
kuarza; proses mekanik; sedimen baki; sedimen resen; tekstur kuarza ABSTRACT Characterization of
quartz grains by using scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
has identified several quartz types with different textures and
morphologies. By using this method, six types of quartz grains
have been identified which are quartz type A, B, C, D, E and F
based on textures and morphologies recorded during transportation
(mechanical processes). The six types of quartz are the results
of two factors which are genetic of quartz and mechanical processes
during transportation. As a result of the distribution of this
factors, two suites of detrital quartz was discovered which are
province I and province II. Province I is characterised by distribution
of low energy with poor mechanical processes and consists of recent
sediments which was transported by the Sungai Kelantan. The recent
sediments showed smooth to moderate rough surface texture with
V marks size <2 μm or absent and have rounded to angular
grain shape. Meanwhile, province II is characterised by moderate
to high mechanical processes and sediments are represented by
a mixture of recent and relict sediments which is known as marine
sub-arkosic components that has been deposited since 5000 cal.
yr. BP. The marine sub-arkosic components
undergone some excessive mechanical processes that produces rough
surfaces textures, V marks structure with size <2 μm to
>2 μm, high abrasion on the surface of quartz and rounded
to nearly spherical morphology. Keywords: Mechanical
process; recent sediments; relict sediments; quartz morphology;
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