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Sains Malaysiana 46(9)(2017): 1565–1571 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4609-27 Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of the Extracts from
Different Parts of Etlingera
sayapensis (Zingiberaceae) (Aktiviti Antioksida
dan Antimikrob
bagi Ekstrak daripada
Bahagian Berbeza
Etlingera sayapensis (Zingiberaceae)) BEHNAM
MAHDAVI1,
W.A.
YAACOB2*
& LAILY B. DIN2 1Department of Chemistry,
Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari
University, Sabzevar, Iran 2School of Chemical Sciences
and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology Universiti Kebangsaan
Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia Diserahkan: 9 April 2015/Diterima: 5 Mac 2017 ABSTRACT The rhizomes, stems
and leaves of Etlingera sayapensis were extracted with ethyl
acetate, acetone, ethanol and methanol to give 12 extracts.
The total phenolic content (TPC) of the extracts was measured in this study, together
with their antioxidant activity. Assays used were radical scavenging
activity (RSA),
β-carotene bleaching (BCB), ferrous ion chelating (FIC)
and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). Among the assays, the leaf
methanolic extract showed the highest
activity with 35.67 mg GAE/g (mg of gallic acid per gram
of extract) for TPC, IC50 of
53.43 μg/mL for RSA,
83.24% for BCB, IC50 of 242.43 μg/mL for FIC (second highest) and 19.53
mg TrE/g (mg of Trolox
per gram of extract) for FRAP. The measured BCB values
for the four leaf extracts were higher than those of the positive
controls of butylated hydroxytoluene
(BHT),
gallic acid (GA) and ascorbic acid (AscA) and slightly lower than that of α-tocopherol
(Toc). The antimicrobial activity of the extracts was also
measured using disc-diffusion (DD) and minimum inhibition concentration
(MIC) assays. Among the extracts, only
ethanolic and methanolic extracts
showed specific bacterial inhibition against Bacillus subtilis.
Only stem methanolic extract exhibited
specific fungal inhibition against Candida parapsilosis.
The highest activity was shown by this with 9.9 mm and 1.04
mg/mL for DD
and MIC
assays respectively. Keywords: Antimicrobial activity; antioxidant activity; Etlingera; Zingiberaceae ABSTRAK Rizom, batang dan
daun Etlingera sayapensis telah
diekstrak dengan
etil asetat, aseton,
etanol dan
metanol untuk memberikan
12 ekstrak. Kandungan fenolik jumlah (TPC)
ekstrak telah diukur
dalam kajian
ini, bersama-sama dengan aktiviti antioksida mereka. Asai yang digunakan adalah aktiviti penskavenjing radikal (RSA),
pelunturan β-karotena
(BCB),
pengkelatan ion ferus
(FIC)
dan kuasa
antioksida penurunan ferik (FRAP). Dalam
kalangan asai
ini, ekstrak metanol
daun menunjukkan
aktiviti tertinggi dengan 35.67 mg GAE/g (mg asid
galik per gram ekstrak)
bagi TPC, IC50 53.43
μg/mL bagi RSA,
83.24% bagi BCB, IC50 242.43
μg/mL bagi
FIC
(kedua tertinggi) dan 19.53 mg TrE/g (mg Troloks per gram ekstrak) bagi FRAP. Nilai
BCB
yang diukur bagi
empat ekstrak daun
adalah lebih
tinggi daripada nilai kawalan positif
hidroksitoluena terbutil
(BHT),
asid galik
(GA),
asid askorbik (AscA) dan rendah
sedikit daripada
nilai bagi α-tokoferol (Toc). Aktiviti antimikrob ekstrak
juga telah diukur
menggunakan asai peresapan-cakera (DD) dan
kepekatan perencatan
minimum (MIC). Dalam kalangan ekstrak,
hanya ekstrak
etanol dan metanol
menunjukkan perencatan
bakteria yang spesifik melawan Bacillus subtilis.
Hanya
ekstrak metanol batang memperlihatkan perencatan fungus yang spesifik
menentang Candida parapsilosis. Aktiviti tertinggi telah ditunjukkan olehnya dengan 9.9 mm dan 1.04 mg/mL bagi asai DD dan MIC. Kata kunci: Aktiviti
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