Sains Malaysiana 49(8)(2020): 1799-1808

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4908-04

Integration of Fish Culture in Hydroponic Agriculture in Flood-Prone Areas

(Integrasi Pengkulturan Ikan dalam Pertanian Hidroponik dalam Kawasan Mudah Banjir)

MD. SHAKHAWATE HOSSAIN^1,2* & MD. JAHANGIR ALAM¹

¹Department of Fisheries Biology and Aquatic Environment, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibar Rahman, Agricultural University, Gazipur, 1706, Bangladesh

²Faculty of Fisheries and Protection of Waters, University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice, Zátiší 728/II, Vodňany, 389 25, Czech Republic

Diserahkan: 27 Februari 2019/Diterima: 27 Mac 2020

ABSTRACT

Floating bed organic cultivation of different vegetables, flowers, and seedlings have been shown a promising means of agricultural crop production in different wetland areas of Bangladesh. The present study was aimed at finding out the suitability of the integration of fish in this system in waterlogged areas. The experiment consists of three treatments namely SB, silver barb Barbonymus gonionotus; T, tilapia Oreochromis niloticus; and SBT, tilapia: silver barb (1:1 ratio) with three replications of 6.75 m² floating vegetable beds in each. Fish were stocked at a rate of 3 m^-2 for five months of culture and fed at 1.5% of body weight twice daily. Over the study period, water quality parameters and fish survival rate did not vary significantly among different treatments. Tilapia showed significantly higher daily and specific growth rates in mono- and polyculture, but silver barb only in polyculture system. Thus, total fish production in kg ha^-1 was significantly higher in treatments T (p = 0.001) and SBT (p = 0.001) than SB. Vegetable production was not significantly different among treatments. In the financial analysis, the benefit-cost ratio of different treatments was >1, indicating that investment was financially profitable for all treatments, but treatment T and SBT were more profitable. Therefore, we can conclude that integrating fish with floating bed agriculture systems could be an ideal approach to generate alternate income activities and mitigate climate change effects among disaster-prone waterlogged regions of Bangladesh.

Keywords: Aquaculture; Barbonymus gonionotus; floating bed agriculture; Oreochromis niloticus; vegetable production

ABSTRAK

Penanaman organik berlapis secara terapung daripada sayur-sayuran, bunga-bunga dan biji benih yang berbeza telah ditunjukkan sebagai kaedah yang berpotensi untuk penghasilan produk pertanian dalam kawasan tanah basah yang berbeza di Bangladesh. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan kesesuaian integrasi ikan di sistem ini dalam kawasan tanah berair. Kajian ini mengandungi tiga rawatan iaitu SB_, lampam jawa Barbonymus gonionotus; T, tilapia Oreochromis niloticus; dan SBT, tilapia: lampam jawa (nisbah 1:1) dengan tiga replikasi daripada setiap 6.75 m² sayuran berlapis yang terapung. Ikan distok pada kadar 3 m² selama 5 bulan pengkulturan dan diberi makan sebanyak 1.5% daripada berat badannya sebanyak dua kali sehari. Sepanjang tempoh kajian, parameter kualiti air dan kadar kelangsungan hidup ikan tidak menunjukkan variasi yang ketara antara kaedah yang berbeza. Tilapia menunjukkan kadar pertumbuhan khusus harian yang lebih tinggi dan ketara dalam pengkulturan mono dan poli, tetapi lampam jawa hanya pada sistem pengkulturan poli. Oleh itu, penghasilan ikan keseluruhan dalam kg ha^-1 adalah lebih ketara tinggi dalam rawatan T (p = 0.001) dan SBT (p = 0.001) daripada SB. Penghasilan sayuran adalah tidak ketara antara rawatan. Analisis kewangan menunjukkan nisbah faedah-kos daripada rawatan yang berbeza adalah >1, menunjukkan bahawa pelaburan adalah menguntungkan daripada segi kewangan untuk kesemua rawatan, tetapi rawatan T dan SBT adalah lebih menguntungkan. Oleh itu, kami dapat menyimpulkan bahawa integrasi ikan dengan sistem pertaninan berlapis secara terapung boleh menjadi pendekatan yang ideal untuk menjana punca pendapatan alternatif dan mengurangkan kesan perubahan iklim antara kawasan yang mudah terkesan dengan bencana tanah berair di Bangladesh.

Kaa kunci: Akuakultur; Barbonymus gonionotus; penghasilan sayuran; pertanian berlapis terapung; Oreochromis niloticus

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: shakhawate@bsmrau.edu.bd