Sains Malaysiana 52(4)(2023): 1161-1171

http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5204-10

 

Gibberellic Acid Supplements Mitigate the Sodium Chloride Effects on Onion Seed Germination and Its Physio-Chemical Attributes

(Suplemen Asid Giberelik Mengurangkan Kesan Natrium Klorida pada Percambahan Biji Bawang dan Atribut Fisio-Kimianya)

 

IKRAM-UL HAQ1, NAZIA PARVEEN GILL2, GHULAM YASIN3, SAHIFA MEMON1, ZAINAB SOOMRO1, FAHEEM AHMED BHATTI1,4, MEHWISH BALOCH1 & CHANDA BAKHTAWAR BALOCH1

 

1Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76080, Pakistan

2Department of Statistics, University of Sindh, Jamshoro-76080, Pakistan

3Department of Botany, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan-60800, Pakistan

4Sindh Agriculture Department, Tandojam-70060, Pakistan

 

Diserahkan: 3 Julai 2022/Diterima: 17 Mac 2023

 

Abstract

The mitigative effect of gibberellic acid (GA3) for salt (NaCl) stresses on seed germination attributes of onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivar Nasarpuri was assessed. Seeds were moisturized with NaCl (0-, 100- and 200-mM) and GA3 (250 ppm) before and after sowing for seed germination in 1st week than in 2nd week, GA3 sprayed once foliarly and NaCl in rooting region. At the end of 1st week, an increase in seed germination rate was observed in seeds supplemented with GA3 from control (85.0%) to 97.5% and from NaCl stressed seeds (72.5% and 50.0%) to 85.0% and 62.5%, respectively (p ≤ 0.05). This reduction in seed germination was caused by salt stresses after 96th hours of sowing, inhibition in GA3-biosynthesis GA3 and delay in α-amylases activation observed in salt stressed seed cultures. The seedling vigor index (SVI) was observed higher in foliarly GA3 sprayed cultures of both control as well as saline stressed cultures. The seedlings supplemented with GA3, decrease in malondialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, Na+/K+, Na+ and Cl- contents, while increases seedling biomass, chlorophyll contents, total proteins, and sugars in NaCl stressed seedlings. Interestingly, GA3 also increased (p ≤ 0.05) the osmoprotectants in seedlings including abscisic acid (AsA), carotenoids, phenolics and proline contents to depict in stress alleviation. This study may be concluded by the fact that GA3 minimizes salinity stresses on seed germination as well as further seedling growth with the increased production of organic osmoprotectants as saline stress neutralizers.

 

Keywords: Allium cepa L.; antioxidative responses; gibberellic acid (GA3); H2O2 contents; saline stresses

 

Abstrak

Kesan mitigasi asid giberelik (GA3) untuk garam (NaCl) menegaskan sifat percambahan benih bawang (Allium cepa L.) kultivar Nasarpuri telah dinilai. Benih telah dilembapkan dengan NaCl (0-, 100- dan 200-mM) dan GA3 (250 ppm) sebelum dan selepas disemai untuk percambahan benih pada minggu pertama berbanding minggu ke-2, GA3 disembur sekali pada daun dan NaCl di kawasan pengakaran. Pada akhir minggu pertama, peningkatan kadar percambahan biji benih diperhatikan pada benih yang ditambah dengan GA3 daripada kawalan (85.0%) kepada 97.5% dan daripada benih bertekanan NaCl (72.5% dan 50.0%) kepada 85.0% dan 62.5% masing-masing (p). ≤ 0.05). Pengurangan dalam percambahan benih ini disebabkan oleh tegasan garam selepas 96 jam penyemaian, perencatan dalam GA3-biosintesis GA3 dan kelewatan dalam pengaktifan α-amilase yang diperhatikan dalam kultur benih bertekanan garam. Indeks vigor ankak benih (SVI) diperhatikan lebih tinggi dalam kultur semburan GA3 daun bagi kedua-dua kawalan dan juga kultur bertekanan garam. Anak benih yang ditambah dengan GA3 mengurangkan kandungan malondialdehid (MDA), H2O2, Na+/K+, Na+ dan Cl-, sambil meningkatkan biojisim anak benih, kandungan klorofil, jumlah protein dan gula pada anak pokok bertekanan NaCl. Menariknya, GA3 juga meningkatkan (p ≤ 0.05) osmopelindung dalam anak benih termasuk kandungan asid absisik (AsA), karotenoid, fenol dan prolin untuk menggambarkan pengurangan tekanan. Kajian ini boleh disimpulkan oleh fakta bahawa GA3 meminimumkan tegasan kemasinan pada percambahan biji benih serta pertumbuhan anak benih selanjutnya dengan peningkatan pengeluaran osmopelindung organik sebagai peneutral tegasan garam.

 

Kata kunci: Allium cepa L.; asid giberelik (GA3); gerak balas antioksidatif; kandungan H2O2, tegasan garam

 

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