Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 23 No 4 (2019): 595 - 603

A green colorimetric method using guava leaves extract for quality control of iron content in pharmaceutical formulations

(Kaedah Kalorimetrik Hijau Mengunakan Ekstrak Daun Jambu Bagi Kawalan Kualiti Kandungan Besi di dalam Formulasi Farmaseutikal)

Watsaka Siriangkhawut¹*, Kraingkrai Ponhong¹, Kate Grudpan²

¹Creative Chemistry and Innovation Research Unit,

Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Mahasarakham University, Maha Sarakham 44150, Thailand

²Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science,

Center of Excellence for Innovation in Analytical Science and Technology,

Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand

*Corresponding author: watsaka@hotmail.com

Received: 17 April 2019; Accepted: 22 June 2019

Abstract

A cost-effective and environmentally friendly approach using a simple micro-volume colorimetric method with non-synthetic reagent from plant extracts has been proposed. The crude aqueous extracts from dried guava leaves were utilized as an alternative natural reagent for quantification of iron. The method was based on the measurement of a dark brown complex formed by the reaction between Fe(III) and the crude aqueous extracts in acetate buffer pH 4.5 at 562 nm. The optimum conditions for the extraction parameters such as type of solvent, extraction time and mass of dried plant were investigated. Under the optimum conditions, a linear calibration graph in the range of 1.0 - 10.0 mg L^-1 Fe(III) was obtained with limits of detection and quantification of 0.30 and 1.0 mg L^-1 Fe(III), respectively. Relative standard deviations of 2.6 and 2.1% were achieved for 2.0 and 4.0 mg L^-1 Fe(III) (n=7), respectively. The developed method was successfully applied to quality control of iron in antianemic drug samples. The results are in good agreement with those obtained by the FAAS method at the 95% confidence level. High percentage recoveries between 93 and 99% were obtained.

Keywords: guava leaf, natural reagent, colorimetry, iron, pharmaceutical formulations

Abstrak

Pendekatan yang mesra alam dan kos efektif mengunakan kaedah kalorimetrik isipadu-mikro yang mudah dikemukakan dalam kajian ini. Ekstrak akues dari daun jambu yang dikeringkan telah digunapakai sebagai alternatif reagen semulajadi bagi pengkuantitian kandungan besi. Kaedah berasaskan pengukuran kompleks coklat gelap yang terhasil melalui tindak balas Fe(III) dan bahan mentah ekstrak di dalam larutan penimbal asetat pH 4.5 pada 562 nm. Keadaan optimum untuk parameter pengekstrakan seperti jenis pelarut, masa pengekstrakan dan jisim daun yang dikeringkan telah dikaji. Pada keadaan optimum, graf kalibrasi linear diperolehi pada julat 1.0 - 10.0 mg L^-1 Fe(III) dengan had pengesanan dan pengkuantitian masing-masing ialah 0.30 and 1.0 mg L^-1 Fe(III). Sisihan piawai relative dicapai pada 2.6 dan 2.1% masing-masing bagi 2.0 and 4.0 mg L^-1 Fe(III) (n=7). Kaedah yand dibangunkan telah Berjaya digunapakai bagi tujuan kawalan kualiti besi di dalam sampel dadah antianemik. Keputusan yang diperolehi adalah standing dengan hasil yang diperolehi mengunakan kaedah FAAS pada aras keyakinan 95%. Peratus perolehan semula yang tinggi antara 93 dan 99% telah diperolehi.

Keywords: daun jambu, reagen semulajadi, kalorimetri, besi, formulasi farmaseutikal

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