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Sains Malaysiana 48(8)(2019): 1685–1695
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4808-14
Genotoxicity and
Cytotoxicity of Orthodontic Bonding Adhesives: A Review
(Kegenotoksikan
dan Kesitotoksikan Pelekat Ikatan Ortodontik: Suatu Kajian)
RIAZ MOHAMMAD ADHAM1, NORMA AB RAHMAN1*
& THIRUMULU PONNURAJ KANNAN1,2
1School
of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Kelantan Darul
Naim, Malaysia
2Human
Genome Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150
Kota Bharu, Kelantan Darul Naim, Malaysia
Received: 26
October 2018/Accepted: 8 May 2019
ABSTRACT
Orthodontic bonding
adhesive is one of the integral parts of orthodontic treatment. By means of
orthodontic bonding adhesives, different components of fixed orthodontic
appliances are attached to the tooth surface. Manufacturers have been
introducing various bonding adhesives as there is an increasing demand for
orthodontic treatment presently. Focus has been made more on the physical
properties of these bonding adhesives rather than their biocompatibility. As
orthodontic treatment is a long-time process, the bonding adhesives also remain
in close proximity with intra-oral tissues. Therefore, biocompatibility of
these adhesives in respect to their genotoxicity and cytotoxicity should be a
concern while clinically implicating them. The aim of this review was to
provide information about the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity effects of various
orthodontic bonding adhesives. An electronic search was conducted across
Cochrane, Medline, Web of Science databases, and Google Scholar for literature
analysis on the mentioned topic. The studies were reviewed and compared. This
article summarizes the results of research studies that have been done to see
the genotoxicity and cytotoxicity of orthodontic bonding adhesives. Most
research studies summarized in this review article concluded that orthodontic
bonding adhesives show some extent of either genotoxicity or cytotoxicity or
both. There is still a lack of scientific literature on long-term in vivo studies on the toxic effects of these adhesives. It is
advisable to employ several genetic assays and standardized methods for
genotoxic evaluation of bonding adhesives through longtime clinical in vivo studies.
Keywords: Adhesives;
bonding; cytotoxicity; genotoxicity; orthodontic
ABSTRAK
Pelekat ikatan ortodontik
adalah salah sebahagian daripada rawatan ortodontik. Menggunakan
sistem ikatan ortodontik ini, komponen peralatan ortodontik dapat
melekat pada permukaan gigi. Pengilang telah memperkenalkan pelbagai
jenis pelekat ikatan ortodontik kerana terdapat peningkatan permintaan
untuk rawatan ortodontik pada masa ini yang memfokuskan pada sifat
fizikal pelekatan ikatan ini. Oleh kerana rawatan ortodontik adalah
proses jangka panjang, pelekat ikatan ortodontik mungkin mempunyai
hubungan dengan tisu intra-oral mulut. Oleh itu,
bioserasi pelekat,
dengan tumpuan kepada kegenotoksikan dan kesitotoksikan telah menjadi perhatian
apabila diuji
secara klinikal. Tujuan kajian ini
adalah untuk
memberikan maklumat tentang kesan kegenotoksikan
dan kesitotoksikan daripada pelbagai jenis pelekat ikatan
ortodontik. Carian elektronik
dijalankan melalui
pangkalan data Cochrane, Medline, Web of Science, dan Google Scholar untuk analisis kepada topik yang disebutkan. Kertas ini merumuskan
hasil kajian
penyelidikan yang telah dilakukan untuk melihat kesan kegenotoksikan
dan kesitotoksikan pelekat ikatan ortodontik. Kebanyakan kajian penyelidikan yang menyimpulkan bahawa pelekat ikatan ortodontik menunjukkan beberapa tahap kegenotoksikan
atau kesitotoksikan atau kedua-duanya. Masih kurang keputusan saintifik mengenai kajianin vivo jangka
panjang mengenai
kesan toksik pelekat
ikatan ortodontik
ini. Dengan itu
adalah disarankan
untuk menggunakan beberapa jenis ujian genetik untuk
membuat penilaian
genotoksik pelekat ikatan ortodontik untuk kajianin vivo klinikal jangka panjang.
Kata kunci: Ikatan; kegenotoksikan; kesitotoksikan;
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*Corresponding author; email: drnorma@usm.my
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