Sains Ma1aysiana 34(2): 81-87 (2005)

Evaluation of Urban Highway Environmental Noise Pollution

(Penilaian Pencemaran Bunyi di Sekitaran Lebuhraya Bandar)

Sumiani Yusoff & Asila Ishak

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering

Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur

ABSTRACT

The increase in number of urban highways constructed around residential and community areas around the city, has inevitably caused major noise pollution problems to city dwellers. The objective of the study was to assess the level of noise exposure and its impact to residents residing around the vicinity of urban highways. Noise level recording was carried out at selected areas to determine the noise pollution levels and the adequacy of mitigating measures that has been implemented. Traffic volume along the highway was recorded and categorized into six major classes of vehicles. Subsequently, the Leq, L10, L50 and L90 noise index percentiles were identified and data analyses were done on the data samples. Simultaneously, a public survey was conducted to gauge the existing public's attitude and degree of awareness with contemporary motor vehicular noise pollution. The study revealed that the noise level exposure experienced by the residents exceed the DOE's guidelines on a daily basis whilst the measures taken was inadequate to curb the noise menace emitting from the neighboring urban highway.

Keywords: Noise pollution, urban highway, assessment, noise index percentiles

ABSTRAK

Pertambahan bilangan lebuhraya yang dibina di persekitaran kawasan perumahan dan komuniti di sekeliling bandar telah secara langsung mengakibatkan masalah-masalah berhubung dengan pencemaran bunyi bising yang serius kepada penduduk bandar. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menilai tahap pendedahan bunyi bising serla kesannya kepada penduduk yang tinggal berdekatan dengan kawasan lebuhraya-Iebuhraya yang terdapat di kawasan bandar. Pengambilan bacaan tahap bunyi bising telah dijalankan di kawasan-kawasan kajian yang dipilih untuk menentukan tahap pencemaran bunyi dan keberkesanan kaedah-kaedah kawalan yang telah dijalankan. Isipadu trafik di sepanjang lebuhraya telah direkodkan dan di kategorikan kepada enam kelas utama kenderaan. Seterusnya nilai-nilai peratus indeks bunyi bising Leq L10, L50 dan L90 telah dikenalpasti dan analisis data dilakukan terhadap sampel-sampel data tersebut. Sehubungan dengan itu, satu tinjauan awam telah dijalankan untuk menilai sikap serta darjah pengetahuan orang awam terhadap pencemaran bunyi daripada kenderaan bermotor. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa pendedahan tahap bunyi bising yang dialami oleh penduduk melebihi garis panduan harian yang telah ditetapkan oleh JAS (Jabatan Alam Sekitar, Malaysia), sementara langkah-langkah kawalan yang telah di jalankan adalah tidak mencukupi untuk menangani masalah bunyi bising yang diakibatkan oleh lebuhraya-lebuhraya bandar yang berdekatan.

Kata kunci: Pencemaran bunyi bising, lebuhraya bandar, penilaian, peratus indeks bunyi bising. 

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