Sains Malaysiana 38(1):
47-56(2009)
Systematic Accounts and Some Aspects of Feeding and
Reproductive
Biology of Ponyfishes (Perciformes: Leiognathidae)
(Perihalan Sistematik
dan Beberapa Aspek Pemakanan Serta Biologi
Pembiakan Ikan Kekek
(Perciformes: Leiognathidae))
Y.G. Seah
School of
Environmental Studies and Natural Resource Sciences
Faculty of Science
and Technology, National University of Malaysia
43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor
D.E. MALAYSIA
S. Abdullah, C.C.
Zaidi & A.G. Mazlan*
Marine Ecosystem Research
Centre, Faculty of Science and Technology
National University
of Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi
Selangor D.E.
MALAYSIA
Received: 1 April 2008 /
Accepted: 4 June 2008
ABSTRACT
Several series of
trawl survey was carried out in the coastal waters of southeastern South China
Sea using commercial trawler. Six species of ponyfishes were caught
throughout the study. Adult fish species were examined for their systematic differences. Based
on systematic differences, a pictorial description of each species was built
up. Detail population growth of dominant
species was estimated using the allometric regression analysis of length
(L)-weight (W) relationship (W= aLb). The results showed that the
regression coefficient b was 3.337±0.105 for Photoplagios
stercorarius, 2.530±0.298 for Photopectoralis bindus, 2.690±0.330 for Secutor
insidiator and 2.211±0.507 for Gazza minuta respectively. Stomach contents analyses revealed feeding
guilds of each species of fishes. Mean trophic level for P. bindus was
3.222±0.491, G. minuta was 2.753±0.291, P. stercorarius was
2.662±0.316, S. insidiator was 2.865±0.298, Reproductive biology of the selected species of ponyfishes showed
that the gonads were mono-lobed with maturing and matured oocytes stages at
time of sampling. A mean value of GSI for P. bindus was 4.002±0.650, P.
stercorarius was 2.540±0.430, S. insidiator was 5.638±1.114, Gazza minuta was 0.382±0.070, L. oblongus was 2.925±0.820, L. jonesi was 1.578±0.821 and Nuchequula decora was 2.569±1.451,
respectively.
Keywords: Meristic measurements; morphometric
characteristic; length-weight
relationship; trophic levels; gonadosomatic index; Leiognathidae
ABSTRAK
Beberapa
siri survey pukat tunda telah dilakukan di kawasan pesisir pantai tenggara
perairan Laut China Selatan dengan menggunakan bot pukat tunda komersial. Sebanyak enam spesies ikan kekek telah
ditangkap di sepanjang kajian. Ikan yang
matang bagi setiap spesies dikaji-selidik bagi membezakan ciri-ciri sistematik
termasuklah kiraan meristik dan perbezaan rupa morfologi. Berdasarkan ciri-ciri sistematik ini,
pemerihalan bergambar dibina bagi setiap spesies ikan. Seterusnya kajian terperinci terhadap tumbesaran
populasi spesies ikan dominan dianggarkan melalui analisis model regresi alometrik,
perkaitan panjang (L) dan berat (W) (W = aLb). Hasil kajian menunjukkan pekali regresi b
bagi setiap spesies ikan masing-masing bernilai 3.337±0.105 bagi Photoplagios stercorarius, 2.530±0.298
bagi Photopectoralis bindus, 2.690±0.330
bagi Secutor insidiator dan 2.211±0.507
bagi Gazza minuta. Analisis kandungan perut menunjukkan corak
atau tabiat pemakanan bagi setiap spesies ikan kekek. Maklumat kandungan makanan ini digunakan
untuk menilai paras trofodinamik ikan kekek dalam persekitaran semula jadi. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahawa min paras
trofik bagi setiap spesies ikan masing-masing bernilai 3.222±0.491 bagi P. bindus, 2.753±0.291 bagi G. minuta, 2.662±0.316 bagi P. stercorarius, 2.865±0.298 bagi S. insidiator, 2.490±0.267 bagi Leiognathus jonesi dan 2.413±0.296 bagi Leiognathus oblongus. Nilai min RLG bagi P. stercorarius adalah 0.8740±0.0576, 0.5135±0.0942 bagi G. minuta dan 1.1399±0.2611 bagi P. bindus. Biologi pembiakan bagi spesies ikan kekek
terpilih menunjukkan gonad ikan kekek adalah monolobus dan keadaan kematangan
oosit pada waktu persampelan adalah dalam proses kematangan dan matang. Nilai min GSI bagi spesies ikan dikaji masing-masing
adalah, 4.002±0.650 bagi P. bindus,
2.540±0.430 bagi P. stercorarius,
5.638±1.114 bagi S. insidiator, 0.382±0.070
bagi G. minuta, 2.925±0.820 bagi L. oblongus, 1.578±0.821 bagi L. jonesi dan 2.569±1.451 bagi Nuchequula decora.
Kata
kunci: Indeks gonadosomatik; kiraan
meristik; Leiognathidae; paras trofik; pencirian
morfometrik; perkaitan panjang-berat
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*Pengarang untuk surat menyurat.
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