Sains Malaysiana 41(12)(2012): 1579–1585
A
Study on Glycerolysis of Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch Fiber
(Suatu Kajian tentang Gliserolisis Serabut Tandan Kosong Sawit)
Khairiah Haji Badri*
Polymer Research Center, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia
43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Khairiah Haji Badri, Siti Munirah Ibrahim & Osman Hassan
School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of
Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 11 Jun 2012 / Diterima: 6 Ogos 2012
ABSTRACT
Lignocellulose from oil palm empty fruit bunch fiber (EFB)
has been identified as another source for conversion into renewable energy or
value added products. Cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin were extracted from EFB via
a new treatment method using aqueous glycerol as a potential delignification
agent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of treatment time
and EFB to solvent ratio on the analytical compositions of EFB with
or without further treatment with aqueous glycerol. The cooking time was varied
at 3, 5 and 7 h with temperature fixed at 85°C. Three types of EFB were used; untreated
fiber (UT-EFB),
pretreated fiber with 5% (w/v) sodium hydroxide solution (N-EFB) and pretreated
fiber with 5% (w/v) acetic acid solution (A-EFB). The analyses
carried out were determination of extractives content, Klason Lignin,
α-cellulose, hemicelluloses, holocellulose and ash content based on dry
weight of the EFB. An increase in the glycerolysis time resulted in reduced content
of Klason lignin and extractives but high percentages of holocellulose and
α-cellulose for all EFB samples. Treatment of EFB with alkaline
solution prior to glycerolysis resulted in reduction in cellulose content
compared with holocellulose.
Keywords: Aqueous glycerol; cellulose; lignin; oil palm empty
fruit bunch
ABSTRAK
Lignoselulosa daripada serabut tandan kosong
sawit (EFB)
telah dikenal pasti sebagai salah satu sumber berpotensi untuk ditukarkan
kepada tenaga diperbaharui atau produk tambah nilai. Selulosa, hemiselulosa dan
lignin diekstrak daripada EFB melalui kaedah rawatan baru menggunakan
gliserol akues sebagai agen nyahlignin yang berpotensi. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji kesan masa rawatan ke atas
komposisi EFB secara analitikal dengan atau tanpa rawatan lanjutan dengan
gliserol akues. Masa rawatan dipelbagaikan pada 3, 5 dan 7 jam dengan
suhu ditetapkan pada 85°C. Tiga jenis EFB digunakan iaitu serabut tidak terawat (UT),
serabut terawat larutan natrium hidroksida 5% (w/v)(N) dan serabut terawat
larutan asid asetik 5% (w/v) (A). Analisis yang dijalankan
adalah penentuan kandungan ekstraktif, Klason Lignin, α-selulosa,
hemiselulosa, holoselulosa dan kandungan abu berdasarkan jisim kering EFB. Dengan peningkatan masa tindak balas gliserolisis memberikan
kandungan Klason lignin dan ekstraktif yang berkurangan tetapi peratusan yang
tinggi untuk holoselulosa dan α-selulosa untuk semua jenis sampel. Rawatan EFB dengan larutan alkali sebelum gliserolisis
memberikan penyusutan dalam kandungan selulosa berbanding holoselulosa.
Kata kunci: Gliserol akues; lignin; selulosa;
tandan kosong sawit
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*Pengarang
untuk surat-menyurat; email: kaybadri@ukm.my