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Piper sarmentosum Water Extract Attenuates Diabetic Complications in Streptozotocin induced Sprague-Dawley Rats (Ekstrak Air Piper sarmentosum Mengurangkan Komplikasi Diabetes
dalam Tikus Sprague-Dawley Teraruh Streptozotocin)
Farida Hussan*, Nur Nazilah
Bt Mat Zin, Mohd Ramdzi
Bin Zullkefli, Yow Siew Choon,
Noor Adibah
Bt Abdullah & Teoh Seong Lin
Jabatan Anatomi, Fakulti Perubatan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
Jalan Raja Muda Abd Aziz, 50300 Kuala
Lumpur, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 1 Ogos 2012/Diterima: 25 Januari 2013
ABSTRACT
Piper sarmentosum has been shown to possess antihyperglycemic
effect. The effect of water extract of PS leaves
was determined on the diabetic complications in streptozotocin induced
rats. Eighteen male Sprague Dawley rats (n=18) were randomly
divided into three groups with six rats each, namely, control, diabetic
untreated and PS treated
diabetic groups. Diabetes was induced with intramuscular injection
of STZ (50 mg/kg). Ten days following the induction, the diabetes
was confirmed with fasting blood sugar level more than 8 mmol/L
and PS
extract was administered orally (0.125 g/kg) for 28
days. The left kidneys were collected to analyze. The body weight
and kidney weight index showed significant differences between control
and diabetic groups (p<0.05). However, the lesser extent
of body weight gain was observed in diabetic group compared with
the control groups. The fasting blood sugar level was reduced in
PS
treated group. The percent area occupied by the glomerulus
over a renal corpuscle was found to be 74.5% in DPS, 72% in DNT and
75% in C group; however it was statistically insignificant. Histological
study revealed marked inflammatory cells infiltration and glomeruli
contraction with widened urinary spaces revealed in DNT group
following 28 days of hyperglycemic state whereas the DPS group
showed features of improvement. The water extract of PS leaves
has the potential preventive effect on the diabetic nephropathy
by reducing hyperglycemia. Keywords: Diabetic nephropathies; Piper sarmentosum; streptozotocin ABSTRAK
Piper sarmentosum telah terbukti mempunyai
kesan antihiperglisemik. Kesan ekstrak air daun PS
telah ditentukan ke atas komplikasi diabetes dalam
tikus teraruh streptozotocin. Lapan belas tikus Sprague Dawley
jantan (n = 18) telah dibahagikan secara rawak kepada tiga kumpulan dengan
enam tikus masing-masing, iaitu kumpulan kawalan, kencing manis
tidak dirawat dan kencing manis dirawat PS (DPS).
Diabetes diaruh dengan suntikan STZ (50
mg/kg) secara intramuskular. Sepuluh hari selepas induksi,
diabetes telah disahkan dengan paras gula darah ketika berpuasa
lebih daripada 8 mmol/L dan ekstrak PS telah diberi secara oral (0.125 g/kg) selama 28 hari.
Buah pinggang kiri dikumpulkan untuk dianalisis. Berat badan dan indeks berat buah pinggang menunjukkan perbezaan
yang signifikan antara kumpulan kawalan dan diabetes (p<0.05). Walau bagaimanapun, sedikit
peningkatan berat badan diperhatikan dalam kumpulan diabetes berbanding
dengan kumpulan kawalan. Aras gula darah ketika berpuasa
menurun dalam kumpulan dirawat PS. Peratus kawasan yang diduduki oleh glomerulus ke atas
kopusel buah pinggang adalah 74.5% dalam DPS, 72% dalam DNT dan
75% dalam kumpulan C, namun ia tidak signifikan secara saintifik.
Kajian histologi mendedahkan infiltrasi sel inflamatori dan penguncupan
glomerulus dengan ruang urinari yang lebih lebar dalam kumpulan
DNT
selepas 28 hari berada dalam keadaan hiperglisemik
manakala kumpulan DPS menunjukkan
ciri-ciri penambahbaikan. Ekstrak air daun PS mempunyai
potensi kesan pencegahan pada nefropati diabetes dengan mengurangkan
hiperglisemia. Kata kunci: Nefropati diabetes; Piper sarmentosum; streptozotocin RUJUKAN
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: khinpapah@gmail.com
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