Sains Malaysiana 42(8)(2013): 1051–1058
Projected Changes of Future Climate
Extremes in Malaysia
(Unjuran Perubahan Iklim
Ekstrim Masa Depan di Malaysia)
Meng Sei Kwan, Fredolin T. Tangang
& Liew Juneng*
Research Center for Tropical Climate
Change System, Faculty of Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM
Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia
Diserahkan: 1 November 2011/Diterima: 3
April 2013
ABSTRACT
Mitigating and adapting to the
impacts of climate change at regional level require downscaled projection of
future climate states. This paper examined the possible changes of future
climate extremes over Malaysia based on the IPCC
SRES A1B emission scenario. The projected changes at 17
considered, stations were produced by bias correcting the UKMO
PRECIS downscaling simulation output. The simulation expected
higher probability of rainfall extreme occurrences over the west coast of
Peninsular Malaysia during the autumn transitional monsoon period. In addition,
possible early monsoon rainfall was projected for certain stations located over
East Malaysia. The simulation also projected larger increase of warm
temperature extremes but smaller decrease of cold extremes, suggesting
asymmetric expansion of the temperature distribution. The impact of the
elevated green house gases (GHG)
is higher on the night time temperature extremes as compared to the day time
temperature extremes. The larger increment of warm night frequencies as
compared to the warm day suggests smaller diurnal temperature ranges under the
influence of higher greenhouse gases. Stations located in East Malaysia were
projected to experience the largest increase of warm night occurrence.
Keywords: Bias correction; climate
extremes; Malaysia; PRECIS; SRES A1B
ABSTRAK
Tebatan dan adaptasi kepada impak
perubahan iklim pada aras rantauan memerlukan penurunan skala unjuran keadaan
iklim masa depan. Kertas ini mengkaji kemungkinan perubahan iklim ekstrim masa
depan sekitar Malaysia berasaskan senario pancaran IPCC
SRES A1B. Unjuran perubahan pada 17 stesen dihasilkan dengan
membetul pincang output simulasi penurunan skala UKMO
PRECIS. Simulasi menjangka kebarangkalian kejadian hujan ekstrim
yang lebih tinggi di sekitar pantai barat semenanjung Malaysia semasa musim
peralihan luruh. Perawalan musim monsun turut diunjur bagi sesetengah stesen di
Malaysia timur. Simulasi turut mengunjur penambahan tinggi ekstreme suhu panas
tetapi pengurangan rendah ekstrim sejuk. Ini mencadangkan kembangan taburan
suhu secara tak bersimetri. Impak peningkatan gas rumah hijau lebih tinggi
kepada suhu ekstreme waktu malam berbanding dengan suhu ekstrim waktu siang.
Penambahan kekerapan malam panas yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan siang
panas mencadangkan pengurangan julat suhu harian bawah aruhan gas rumah hijau
yang tinggi. Stesen-stesen di Malaysia timur diunjur akan mengalami penambahan
paling tinggi bagi kejadian malam panas.
Kata
kunci: Iklim ekstrim; Malaysia; pembetulan pincang; PRECIS; SRES A1B
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*Pengarang untuk
surat-menyurat; email: juneng@ukm.my
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