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Sains Malaysiana 42(8)(2013): 1081–1089
Geotechnical
Characterisation of Marine Clay As Potential Liner Material
(Pencirian Geoteknik Lempung Marin Sebagai Potensi Bahan Pelapik)
Z.A. Rahman*, W.Z.W. Yaacob, S.A. Rahim, T. Lihan, W.M.R. Idris
& W.N.F. Mohd Sani
School Environmental & Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty
of Science and Technology
Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600 Selangor D.E. Malaysia
Diserahkan: 18 Julai 2012/Diterima 22 Februari 2013
ABSTRACT
Natural clay is commonly used as a liner material to contain
landfill leachate from contaminating the environment. A key characteristic of
liner material is its hydraulic conductivity. It is recommended that the
hydraulic conductivity of the potential liner material should be of 1×10-9 m/s
or less. This paper presents the geotechnical characteristics of marine clay
that may be used as landfill liner material. The tests were consistency index,
compaction behaviour, compressibility and hydraulic conductivity. The marine
clay was dominated by finer fraction of silt and clay (78%-88%) followed by
sand (12%-22%). The clay minerals commonly present were montmorillonite,
kaolinite and illite as well as quartz as the non-clay mineral. The consistency
index for the liquid limit, wL and
plastic limit, wP were
56.6%-80.5% and 36%-45%, respectively. The plastic index, Ip of
the marine clay samples ranged from 19% to 37%. The permeability test indicated
that the hydraulic conductivity of the samples ranged between 1.10 × 10-9 and
2.44 × 10-9 m/s. The very low permeability
showed by the marine clay can be related to the presence of high content of
finer fraction. Compaction of marine clay samples resulted in maximum dry
density, ρdmax that
ranged between 1.5 and 1.6 g/cm3 and
optimum moisture content, wopt that
ranged between 18.2% and 25%. During the consolidation of the marine clay, the
hydraulic conductivity decreased within the recommended permeability for
landfill liners. This study showed that some geotechnical characteristics of
the studied marine clay were in favour of being used as landfill liner
material.
Keywords: Consistency index; landfill; liner; marine clay; shear
strength
ABSTRAK
Lempung semula jadi sering digunakan sebagai bahan pelapik untuk
menghalang pencemaran cecair larut resap tapak pelupusan ke persekitaran. Ciri
utama bahan pelapik adalah sifat ketelapannya. Kekonduksian hidraulik yang
disarankan bagi bahan berpotensi sebagai pelapik seharusnya 1×10-9 m/s
atau kurang. Kertas ini menunjukkan ciri geoteknik lempung marin yang mungkin
dapat digunakan sebagai bahan pelapik tapak pelupusan. Ujian yang dilakukan
adalah indeks ketekalan, sifat pemadatan dan kekonduksian hidraulik. Lempung
marin didominasi oleh fraksi halus bersaiz lodak dan lempung (78%-88%) diikuti
oleh pasir (12%-22%). Mineral lempung yang sering hadir adalah monmorilonit,
kaolinit dan ilit serta kuarza sebagai mineral bukan lempung. Indeks
kekonsistensi bagi had cecair, wL dan
had plastik, wp masing-masing
adalah 56.6%-80.5% dan 36%-45%. Indeks keplastikan, IP sampel
lempung marin berjulat daripada 19 hingga 37%. Ujian ketelapan menunjukkan
kekonduksian hidraulik sampel berjulat antara 1.10 × 10-9 dan
2.44 × 10-9 m/s. Nilai ketelapan yang sangat
rendah yang ditunjukkan oleh lempung marin boleh dikaitkan dengan kehadiran
kandungan fraksi halus yang tinggi. Pemadatan sampel lempung marin menghasilkan
ketumpatan kering maksimum, ρdmax berjulat
1.5 - 1.6 g/cm3 dan
kandungan optimum lembapan, wopt berjulat
antara 18.2% dan 25%. Semasa pengukuhan lempung marin, kekonduksian hidraulik
menurun dalam kebolehtelapan yang disyorkan bagi bahan pelapik tapak pelupusan.
Kajian ini menunjukkan ciri geoteknik lempung marin yang dikaji memihak sebagai
bahan pelapik tapak pelupusan.
Kata kunci: Indeks ketekalan; kekuatan ricih;
lempung marin; pelapik; tapak pelupusan
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: zarah1970@ukm.my
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