Sains Malaysiana 44(2)(2015): 269–274

Assessment of the Potential Allelopathic Effects of Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. on the Germination and Growth of Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.

(Penilaian Potensi Kesan Alelopati Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. ke atas Percambahan dan Pertumbuhan Eleusine indica (L.) Gaertn.)

B.S. ISMAIL¹*, P.W. TAN¹ & T.S. CHUAH²

¹School of Environmental and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor D.E. Malaysia

²Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agrotechnology and Food Science

University Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), 21030 Kuala Terengganu, Terengganu D.I. Malaysia

Diserahkan: 17 Mei 2013/Diterima: 8 Ogos 2014

ABSTRACT

Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. is a weed that is currently spreading rapidly to many parts of the world particularly tropical countries. The abundance of P. purpureum in Malaysia is presently a serious problem. A study was conducted to investigate and evaluate the potential allelopathic effects of P. purpureum on Eleusine indica L. Gaertn. using the aqueous leaf extract and plant debris incorporated into the soil. Low concentrations of the P. purpureum aqueous extract (2%) and debris incorporated into the soil (25/500 g) inhibited germination and seedling growth of the bioassay species (E. indica) by >80%. The responses of the bioassay species to the aqueous extract and debris-incorporated soil were concentration dependent. The aqueous extract had higher total phenolic content compared to that from the debris incorporated soil, indicating the presence of certain phytotoxic compounds in the leaf debris and leaf extracts.

Keywords: Allelopathy; Eleusine indica; Pennisetum purpureum; phenolics

ABSTRAK

Pennisetum purpureum Schumach. adalah rumpai yang sedang merebak dengan cepat ke kebanyakan bahagian dunia terutamanya negara-negara tropika. Lambakan P. purpureum di Malaysia kini telah menjadi masalah yang serius. Satu kajian telah dijalankan untuk mengkaji dan menilai potensi kesan alelopati P. purpureum terhadap Eleusine indica L. Gaertn. dengan menggunakan ekstrak akues dan sarap yang digaul ke dalam tanah. Kepekatan akues ekstrak yang rendah (2%) dan sarap P. purpureumdalam tanah (25/500 g) didapati merencat percambahan dan pertumbuhan anak benih spesies bioasai (E. indica) pada >80%. Respon spesies bioasai untuk ekstrak akueus dan sarap yang digaul dalam tanah adalah bergantung kepada kepekatan. Ekstrak akues menunjukkan jumlah kandungan fenolik yang lebih tinggi berbanding dengan sarap yang digaul dalam tanah dan ini menunjukkan kehadiran sebatian fitotoksik tertentu dalam sarap dan ekstrak daun.

Kata kunci: Alelopati; Eleusine indica; fenolik; Pennisetum purpureum

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: ismail@ukm.edu.my