 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
 |
Sains Malaysiana 45(3)(2016): 355–363 Species Diversity and Stumpage Valuation
of Timber Resources at Pasir Tengkorak Forest Reserve, Langkawi,
Kedah (Kepelbagaian Spesies dan Nilai Stumpej
Sumber Balak di Hutan Simpan Pasir Tengkorak, Langkawi, Kedah) HAFIDZ ABDULLAH,
A.G. AWANG NOOR* & I. FARIDAH-HANUM Faculty of Forestry,
Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 Serdang, Selangor Darul Ehsan,
Malaysia Diserahkan: 31
Julai 2014/Diterima: 24 September 2015 ABSTRACT Tropical forests are highly
diverse and provide a great deal of economic value. They play
an important role in providing goods and services which contribute
to long-term social benefits in local communities. This study
was carried out to examine the tree composition and estimate its
economic value of timber resources in a lowland coastal forest.
Four one ha plots were established in Pasir Tengkorak Forest Reserve
in Langkawi, Kedah and the subplots measuring 10 × 10
m were established in each plot. All trees greater than 1 cm DBH (diameter
at breast height) were identified and the parameters measured
included tree height and diameter. The species diversity indices
obtained for all four plots were relatively high. The Simpson’s
index of diversity ranges from 0.946 to 0.969, while the Shannon-Weiner
index (H’) ranges from 3.808 to 5.616. The Simpson’s measure of
evenness (1/D) ranges from 0.239 to 0.563 suggesting that species
evenness in the four ha plots were low. Stumpage value of timber
in the study area was quite high with average value of RM33,600.46
per ha. Regression analysis showed that the relationship between
stumpage value and species diversity was significant at the 5%
level. Keywords: Economic value of
timber; regression analysis; species diversity; stumpage value;
tree composition ABSTRAK Hutan tropika mempunyai kepelbagaian
yang tinggi dan menyumbang kepada nilai ekonomi yang tinggi. Ia
memainkan peranan dalam menyediakan produk dan perkhidmatan yang
menyumbang kepada faedah sosial jangka masa panjang kepada masyarakat.
Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk mengkaji komposisi pokok dan
menentukan nilai ekonomi sumber balak di satu kawasan hutan tanah
rendah pesisir pantai. Empat plot kajian (100 × 100
m) ditandakan di Hutan Simpan Pasir Tengkorak di Langkawi, Kedah
dan subplot berukuran 10 × 10 m ditanda dalam setiap plot.
Kesemua pokok berdiameter 1 cm ke atas dikenal pasti dan parameter
yang diambil kira termasuk diameter dan tinggi pokok. Indeks kepelbagaian
spesies yang diperoleh dalam keempat-empat plot adalah tinggi.
Indeks kepelbagaian Simpson mencatatkan nilai antara 0.946 dan
0.969 dengan nilai purata 0.960. Indeks Shannon-Weiner (H’) berada
antara 3.808 hingga 5.616 dengan nilai purata 5.06. Pengukur kesamaan
Simpson (1/D) bernilai antara 0.239 hingga 0.563 menunjukkan kesamaan
spesies pada keempat-empat plot adalah rendah. Keputusan menunjukkan
nilai stumpej di kawasan ini adalah tinggi dengan nilai purata
RM33,600.46
setiap hektar. Analisis regresi menunjukkan hubungan antara nilai
stumpej dan kepelbagaian spesies adalah signifikan pada tahap
5%. Kata kunci: Analisis regresi; kepelbagaian spesies; komposisi pokok;
nilai ekonomi kayu; nilai stumpej RUJUKAN Abdul Rahim, A.S.,
Mohd Shahwahid, H.O. & Zariyawati, M.A. 2009. Financial and
economic analyses of conventional and reduced impact harvesting
systems. Journal of Sustainable Development 2(3): 113-121.
Ahmad Fauzi, P.,
Salleh, M., Mohd Shahwahid, H.O., Abdul Rahim, N., Awang Noor,
A.G. & Muhamad Farid, A.R. 2002. Cost of Harvesting Operations
in Compliance with ITTO Guidelines. Main Report Volume 2.
Kuala Lumpur: FRIM/ITTO. Awang Noor, A.G.
2010. Economic valuation of forest resources: Current status and
the way forward. National Conference on Economic Valuation
of Forest Resources. Kuala Lumpur. Awang Noor, A.G.,
Faridah Hanum, I. & Tuan Marina, T.I. 2008. Relationship between
economic value and species diversity of timber resources in a
hill forest in Peninsular Malaysia. Journal of Sustainable
Development 1(2): 17-26. Awang Noor, A.G.,
Mohd Syauke, M.S. & Tuan Marina, T.I. 2007. Analysis of logging
cost in Pahang. Paper presented at the Seminar on Economic
Valuation of Forest Goods and Services. Kuala Terengganu,
Terengganu, Malaysia. Badrul Hisham,
K. 2004. Cost and Earning
Structure of Logging Industry in the State of Sabah. M.Sc.
Project Report. Faculty of Forestry, University Putra Malaysia,
Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia (Unpublished). BC Ministry of
Forests. 1999. Guidelines for Developing Stand Density Management
Regimes. BC Ministry of Forests, Forest Practice Branch, Victoria,
British Columbia. Davis, L.S. &
Johnson, K.N. 2000. Forest Management. 4th ed. New York:
McGraw Hill. Gujarati, D.N.
2003. Basic Econometrics. 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill.
Hayat, M.S., Kudus,
K.A., Hanum, I., Awang Noor, A.G. & Nazre, M. 2010. Assessment
of plant species diversity at Pasir Tengkorak Forest Reserve,
Langkawi Island, Malaysia. Journal of Agricultural Science
2(1): 31-38. Hussin, A., Dorall,
R., Meor, H.H. & Gokilan, S. 2005. The physical geography
and geology of Northeast Langkawi. Malaysian Journal of Science
24: 1. Hymeir, K., Daria,
M. & Chitra, N. 1998. Biodiversity conservation gap. Analysis
activity: Perlis and Kedah. WWF Project Report. World Wildlife
Fund. Krebs, C.J. 1989.
Ecological Methodology. New York: Harper Collins. MTIB. 2010. MASKAYU.
Vol.1-12. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Timber Industrial Board. MTIB. 2009. MASKAYU.
Vol.1-12. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Timber Industrial Board. MTIB. 2008. MASKAYU.
Vol.1-12. Kuala Lumpur: Malaysian Timber Industrial Board. NRE. 2006. Biodiversity
in Malaysia. Kuala Lumpur: Economic Planning Unit, Prime Minister’s
Department. The Forestry Administration
of Cambodia. 2010. Asia-Pacific Forestry Sector Outlook Study.
Working Paper. Bangkok: The Forestry Administration Phnom
Penh. Waite, S. 2000.
Statistical Ecology in Practice. Harlow: Pearson Education
Limited. *Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email:
awangnoor@gmail.com
|
|||
|
