Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017): 1807–1816

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-18

 

Kesan Kaedah Pemendakan Berbeza terhadap Ciri Fizikokimia dan Aktiviti Antioksidan Alginat daripada Sargassum sp.

(Effects of Different Precipitation Method on Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activities of Alginates from Sargassum sp.)

 

SZE LING LIM, SHARIFAH HABIBAH SYED KHALAFU, WAN AIDA WAN MUSTAPHA & SENG JOE LIM*

 

Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi Makanan, Fakulti Sains dan Teknologi Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 9 Mac 2017/Diterima: 4 Mei 2017

 

ABSTRAK

Alginat merupakan polisakarida berstruktur anionik yang terdapat dalam matriks alga perang dan lazimnya digunakan sebagai agen penggelan, pengemulsi dan penstabil dalam industri makanan. Objektif utama kajian dijalankan adalah untuk mengenal pasti kesan kaedah pemendakan berbeza terhadap ciri fizikokimia alginat. Dalam kajian ini, alginat telah diekstrak daripada Sargassum sp. dengan menggunakan dua kaedah pemendakan yang berbeza iaitu melalui pemendakan dengan garam kalsium dan asid (sampel A) dan juga pemendakan dengan asid dan etanol (sampel B). Analisis ATR-FTIR telah mengesahkan kehadiran alginat dalam kedua-dua ekstrakSargassum sp. Hasil pengekstrakan alginat bagi sampel A dan sampel B masing-masing adalah 28.16% dan 18.24%. Ciri fizikokimia yang diuji ialah warna, kelikatan, aktiviti penggelan dan kuasa pemerangkapan radikal bebas DPPH dan dibandingkan dengan alginat komersial (Sigma-Aldrich). Alginat yang terhasil adalah berwarna kuning kecoklatan dan mempunyai kelikatan pseudoplastik dengan penipisan ricih. Aktiviti penggelan kedua-dua sampel (A & B) adalah berbeza secara signifikan, (p<0.05) dengan alginat komersial. Kuasa pemerangkapan radikal bebas DPPH sampel A adalah lebih tinggi berbanding alginat komersial (20.10 ±3.84 & 11.89 ±3.12). Secara keseluruhan, kaedah pemendakan sampel A adalah lebih baik berbanding sampel B disebabkan oleh hasil alginat yang tinggi, aktiviti antioksidan yang tinggi dan ciri fizikokimia yang hampir setanding dengan alginat komersial.

 

Kata kunci: Alginat; antioksidan; fizikokimia; kaedah pemendakan; Sargassum sp.

 

ABSTRACT

Alginate is an anionic structural polysaccharide that is found in the matrix of brown algae and normaly used as gelling, emulsifying and stabilizing agents in food industry. The aim of this research was to determine the effects of different alginate precipitation methods towards its physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity. In this research, alginate was extracted from Sargassum sp. using two different precipitation methods, where alginates were precipitated using calcium salt and acid (sample A), and also precipitated using acid and ethanol (sample B). The extraction yield of alginates were 28.16% and 18.24% for sample A and sample B, respectively. ATR-FTIR analysis showed that the polysaccharides extracted from Sargassum sp. were indeed alginates. The physicochemical characteristics determined were colour, viscosity, gelling activity and free radical DPPH scavenging activity and were compared with commercial alginate (Sigma-Aldrich). Extracted alginates were yellow brownish in colour and have pseudoplastic viscosity with sheer thinning behaviour. Gelling activities of both sample (A & B) were significantly different, (p<0.05) compared to that of commercial alginate. Meanwhile, the scavenging activity of DPPH free radical in sample A was higher than commercial alginate (20.10 ±3.84 & 11.89 ±3.12). Overall, precipitation method of sample A was better than sample B due to higher yield of alginate, higher antioxidant activity and almost similar physicochemical properties to commercial alginate.

 

Keywords: Alginate; antioxidant; physicochemical; precipitation method; Sargassum sp.

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: joe@ukm.edu.my