Sains Malaysiana 46(10)(2017): 1849–1857

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4610-23

 

Dietary Patterns and Its Associations with Adipokines (Adiponectin and Leptin) among Adults: A Narrative Review

(Corak Pemakanan dan Kaitannya dengan Adipokin (Adiponektin dan Leptin) dalam Kalangan Dewasa: Sebuah Ulasan Naratif)

 

NOR SYAMIMI ZAKARAI & MOHD RAZIF SHAHRIL*

 

School of Nutrition and Dietetics Faculty of Health Sciences Universiti Sultan Zainal Abidin, Gong Badak Campus 21300 Kuala Nerus, Terengganu Darul Iman Malaysia

 

Diserahkan: 22 April 2016/Diterima: 23 Februari 2017

 

 

ABSTRACT

To compile and analyse existing scientific evidence regarding the association of dietary patterns with adiponectin and leptin. Medline and PubMed electronic databases were searched for articles related to the association of dietary patterns with adiponectin and leptin from 2005 to 2015. Only full text articles using English as a language of publication were included. Studies were limited to the use of food frequency questionnaires in assessing dietary intake, factor analysis using principal component analysis, cluster analysis or reduced rank regression method in determining dietary pattern. A total of six relevant studies involving a total of 6467 subjects (47% men and 53% women) met the inclusion criteria from 1407 reviewed articles Twelve dietary patterns were extracted i.e. healthy pattern, meat and fat, sweet pattern, potatoes and refined grains, Japanese pattern, westernized pattern, mixed pattern, traditional pattern, vegetables, fruits and lean meat pattern, high alcohol, ‘Izakaya’ pattern and dieting. Two studies showed association with leptin which serum leptin concentration showed significantly higher in vegetables, fruits and lean meat compared to western pattern and lower circulating levels of leptin in westernized breakfast dietary pattern. Adiponectin concentration resulting significant positive relationship with fruits and vegetables, dieting, Japanese and healthy dietary pattern. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns plays an important role on serum adiponectin and leptin concentration. However, in most studies that resulted in a significant relationship, adiponectin, leptin and diet components were evaluated separately. Therefore, further well-designed studies were required to clarify the mechanism mediating relationship between dietary patterns and adipokines.

 

Keywords: Adiponectin; adult; dietary pattern; food-frequency questionnaires; factor analysis; leptin; principal component analysis

 

ABSTRAK

Mengumpul dan menganalisis data kajian saintifik yang sedia ada mengenai perkaitan di antara corak pemakanan dengan adiponektin dan leptin. Pangkalan data elektronik Medline dan PubMed telah digunakan untuk mencari artikel mengenai perkaitan corak pemakanan dengan adiponektin dan leptin dari tahun 2005 hingga 2015. Hanya artikel teks penuh dan yang menggunakan bahasa Inggeris sebagai bahasa penerbitan diterima. Kajian telah terhad kepada penggunaan soal selidik kekerapan pengambilan makanan dalam menilai pengambilan makanan manakala dalam menentukan corak pemakanan kaedah yang digunakan haruslah faktor analisis, analisis komponen utama, analisis kelompok atau pengurangan kaedah regresi pangkat. Sebanyak enam kajian yang relevan dan memenuhi kriteria dari 1407 artikel yang telah dipilih. Kajian terpilih tersebut melibatkan seramai 6467 orang subjek (53% wanita dan 47% lelaki). Dua belas corak pemakanan yang dikaji ialah pemakanan sihat, daging dan lemak, gula dan manisan, kentang dan bijirin halus, pemakanan Jepun, pemakanan barat, pemakanan pelbagai, pemakanan tradisional, sayur-sayuran, buah-buahan dan corak pemakanan daging tanpa lemak, alkohol yang tinggi dan diet ‘Izakaya’. Dua kajian menunjukkan perkaitan dengan leptin dimana kepekatan serum leptin adalah jauh lebih tinggi dengan pengambilan corak pemakanan sayur-sayuran, buah-buahan dan daging tanpa lemak berbanding corak pemakanan barat. Kepekatan leptin dalam serum adalah lebih rendah pada pengambilan sarapan makanan barat. Manakala, kepekatan adiponektin menunjukkan perkaitan positif yang signifikan dengan pengambilan corak pemakanan tinggi buah buahan dan sayuran, corak pemakanan Jepun dan pemakanan sihat. Amalan corak pemakanan yang sihat memainkan peranan penting dalam mengawal kepekatan adiponektin dan leptin dalam serum. Walau bagaimanapun, dalam kebanyakan kajian yang menunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan bagi adiponektin dan leptin, komponen dietnya telah dinilai secara berasingan. Oleh itu, kajian yang lebih lanjut perlu dilakukan untuk menjelaskan hubungan mekanisme di antara corak pemakanan dan adipokin.

 

Kata kunci: Adiponektin; analisis komponen utama; corak pemakanan; dewasa; faktor analisis; leptin; soal selidik kekerapan pengambilan makanan

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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: razifshahril@unisza.edu.my