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Sains Malaysiana 46(12)(2017): 2455–2460 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4612-22
Size and Stability of Curcumin Niosomes from Combinations of Tween 80 and Span 80 (Saiz dan Kestabilan Niosom Kurkumin daripada Gabungan Tween 80 dan Span 80) MASRINA MOHD
NADZIR1*,
TAN
WEI
FEN1
& ABDUL RAHMAN MOHAMED1
& SITI
FARHANA
HISHAM1,2 1School of Chemical
Engineering, Engineering Campus, Universiti
Sains Malaysia, 14300 Nibong Tebal, Pulau Pinang, Malaysia 2Biomedical Materials
Section, Advanced Materials Research Centre, AMREC, SIRIM Berhad Lot 34,
Jalan Hi-Tech 2/3, Kulim Hi-Tech Park,
09000 Kulim, Kedah Darul Aman, Malaysia Diserahkan: 26 Jun 2016/Diterima:
27 Mac 2017 ABSTRACT The ratios of Tween 80 to Span
80 are important in controlling the physicochemical characteristics
of curcumin niosomes. Thus, in this
study the correlations of combination of Tween 80 and Span 80
at different ratios with the size and stability of curcumin
niosomes were investigated. Initially
curcumin was dissolved in chloroform and methanol (v/v= 3:1),
followed by the preparation of niosomes
by thin-film hydration method with the mole ratio of mixture
of Tween 80 and Span 80 to cholesterol of 2:1. The ratios of
Tween 80 to Span 80 in the mixture were set at 1:1, 1:9, 9:1,
2:3 and 3:2 with Hydrophilic-Lipophilic Balance (HLB)
values of 9.65, 5.37, 13.93, 8.58 and 10.72, respectively. As
expected, niosome barely formed at HLB value
13.93. This might be due to the molecule being hydrophilic and
well hydrated which inhibits the formation of a stable bilayer
in solution. It was found that the formulation which has higher
Span 80 and lower HLB value
leads to larger niosome before sonication.
The largest niosome size achieved
from Tween 80 to Span 80 ratio of 1:9 and 2:3 was 77.36 and
59.85 μm, respectively. On the
other hand, for the ratio of 3:2, the largest niosome formed before sonication was less than 50.00 μm. After sonication, the niosome
size reduced to less than 35.00 μm
for all formulations. It was showed that formulation with Tween
80 to Span 80 ratio of 1:9 has superior curcumin entrapment
efficiency and best stability during storage. The results demonstrated
that appropriate ratio of Tween 80 to Span 80 was necessary
for forming small and stable curcumin niosomes.
Keywords: Characterization;
curcumin; niosome; non-ionic surfactants ABSTRAK Nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 adalah penting dalam mengawal ciri fizikokimia niosom kurkumin. Oleh itu, dalam
kajian ini
korelasi gabungan Tween 80 dan Span 80 pada nisbah-nisbah yang berbeza dengan saiz dan
kestabilan niosom
kurkumin telah dikaji. Sebagai permulaan, kurkumin telah dilarutkan dalam kloroform dan metanol (v/v = 3:1), diikuti dengan penyediaan niosom-niosom melalui kaedah penghidratan filem nipis dengan nisbah
mol campuran
Tween 80 dan Span 80 kepada kolesterol bernilai 2:1. Nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 dalam campuran ditetapkan pada 1:1, 1:9, 9:1, 2:3
dan 3:2, dengan
nilai Imbangan Hidrofilik-Lipofilik (HLB)
masing-masing 9.65, 5.37, 13.93, 8.58 dan
10.72. Seperti yang dijangka, niosom
hampir tidak
terbentuk pada formulasi dengan nilai HLB pada 13.93.
Ini mungkin kerana
molekul adalah
hidrofilik dan terhidrat, oleh itu menghalang pembentukan dwilapisan yang stabil dalam larutan.
Didapati
bahawa formulasi yang mempunyai kandungan Span 80 yang
lebih tinggi dan
nilai HLB yang lebih
rendah membawa
kepada niosom lebih
besar sebelum
sonikasi. Saiz niosom terbesar yang dicapai daripada nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 bernilai 1: 9 dan 2: 3 masing-masing adalah 77.36 μm dan 59.85 μm. Sebaliknya, bagi nisbah
3:2, niosom terbesar
dibentuk sebelum sonikasi adalah kurang daripada 50.00 μm. Selepas sonikasi, saiz
niosom dikurangkan
kepada kurang daripada
35.00 μm untuk
semua formulasi. Didedahkan bahawa formulasi dengan nisbah Tween 80 kepada Span 80 bernilai 1:9 mempunyai kecekapan pemerangkapan kurkumin yang unggul dan kestabilan terbaik semasa penyimpanan. Keputusan menunjukkan bahawa
nisbah Tween 80 kepada
Span 80 yang sesuai adalah
perlu bagi membentuk
niosom kurkumin
yang kecil dan stabil. Kata kunci: Kurkumin;
niosom; pencirian;
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