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Sains Malaysiana 47(2)(2018):
235-242
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2018-4702-04
Activities of C4 Photosynthetic Pathway Enzymes in Different Bread Wheat Genotypes
under Field Conditions
(Aktiviti Laluan Fotosintesis Enzim C4
dalam Genotip Gandum yang Pelbagai pada Keadaan Lapangan)
Bachir Goudia Daoura1,
Iqbal Saeed1,2, Quanhao Song1,
Yang Yang1, Liang Chen1
& Yin-Gang Hu1, 3*
1State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for
Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University,
Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
2Nifa, Po Box 446, Tarnab, Peshawar, Kp, Pakistan
3Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid
Regions of China, Northwest A&F University
Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China
Diserahkan: 2 Februari 2017/Diterima: 28 Julai 2017
ABSTRACT
The activities of key C4 photosynthetic enzymes including phosphoenolpyruvate carboxylase (PEPcase),
NADP-malic enzyme (NADP-ME), malate dehydrogenase (MDH) and pyruvate phosphate
dikinase (PPDK) were assayed in flag leaves at three major growth stages (heading,
anthesis and grain filling) among 59 winter wheat genotypes grown in field
conditions. All C4 enzymes expressed in the flag leaves and their
activation showed a wide range of variation in relation to different growth
stages in all the genotypes. PEPCase, NADP-ME and MDH displayed the highest
mean activities of 1.018, 0.758 and 0.731 µmol. min-1.mg-1 protein at heading stage, respectively; while PPDK showed
the highest mean activity (0.888 µmol. min-1.mg-1 protein)
at grain filling stage. The activities of
PEPcase and PPDK were higher at heading stage, decreased at anthesis and again increased at grain filling stage,
while NADP-ME and MDH exhibited a decreasing trend at the three stages. The
results of the current study could be valuable and useful for wheat researchers
in improving photosynthetic capacity of wheat.
Keywords: C4 enzymes; flag leaf;
photosynthetic efficiency; transgenic plants; wheat
ABSTRAK
Aktiviti enzim fotosintesis C4 yang
utama termasuk fosfoenol piruvat karboksilase (PEPcase),
enzim NADP-malik (NADP-ME), malat dehidrogenase (MDH) dan piruvat
fosfat dikinase (PPDK) diasai pada daun bendera dalam tiga peringkat pertumbuhan utama (kepala, antesis dan isi bijirin)
dalam kalangan 59 genotip gandum musim sejuk yang ditanam dalam
keadaan lapangan berbeza. Semua enzim C4
dinyatakan pada daun bendera dan pengaktifan mereka menunjukkan
pelbagai variasi berhubung dengan peringkat pertumbuhan yang berbeza
di semua genotip. PEPCase, NADP-ME dan MDH menunjukkan aktiviti min tertinggi sebanyak
1.018, 0.758 dan 0.731 μmol. protein
min-1.mg-1 di peringkat tajuk, masing-masing;
manakala PPDK menunjukkan aktiviti min tertinggi (0.888 μmol.
min-1.mg-1 protein) pada peringkat pengisian
bijian. Kegiatan PEPcase dan PPDK lebih tinggi pada peringkat
tajuk, menurun pada antesis dan sekali lagi meningkat pada peringkat
pengisian bijirin, sementara NADP-ME dan MDH menunjukkan penurunan
pada tiga tahap. Keputusan kajian ini bernilai dan bermanfaat untuk penyelidik
gandum dalam meningkatkan kapasiti fotosintesis gandum.
Kata kunci: Daun bendera; enzim C4; gandum; kecekapan fotosintesis; tumbuhan transgenik
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: Huyingang@Nwsuaf.Edu.Cn
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