Malaysian
Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 20 No 3 (2016): 539 - 545
DOI:
http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2003-11
SYNTHESIS
AND CHARACTERIZATION OF MESOPOROUS SILICA
MCM-41 AND SBA-15 FROM POWER PLANT BOTTOM ASH
(Sintesis dan
Pencirian Silika Mesoporos MCM-41 dan SBA-15 daripada Debu Bawah Loji Janakuasa)
Nurul Barakah Ab
Rahman*, Hamizah Md. Rasid, Hashazirah Mohammad Hassan, Mohammad Noor Jalil
School
of Chemistry and Environment,
Faculty
of Applied Sciences,
Universiti
Teknologi MARA, 40450 Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
*Corresponding author: barakahrahman@gmail.com
Received: 24
February 2015; Accepted: 27 October 2015
Abstract
Silica was
extracted from power plant bottom ash by alkali fusion method and used to
synthesize MCM-41 and SBA-15. As comparison, MCM-41 and SBA-15 were synthesized
by using tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) as pure silica source. All synthesized
MCM-41 and SBA-15 were characterized using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) and nitrogen
adsorption to determine the formation of hexagonal pores, Field Emission
Scanning Electron Micrograph (FESEM) was used to observe their morphology while
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to obtain the
functional group and removal of surfactant after calcinations. XRD results
confirmed bottom ash MCM-41 (BA MCM-41), pure SBA-15 (PSBA-15) and bottom ash SBA-15
(BA SBA-15) have well-ordered mesostructures. N2 adsorption of pure
MCM-41 (PMCM-41), PSBA-15 and BA SBA-15 indicated type IV isotherm while BA
MCM-41 exhibit type III isotherm. According to FESEM analyses, the particle
morphology of bottom ash mesoporous silica was different from those prepared
using pure chemical. Morphology of PMCM-41 and PSBA-15 showed rod like particle
while BA MCM-41 and BA SBA-15 exhibited agglomerated particle. PMCM-41, PSBA-15 and BA SBA-15 shows ordered
hexagonal, high surface area and narrow pore distribution.
Keywords: mesoporous silica,
MCM-41, SBA-15
Abstrak
Silika telah diekstrak daripada abu bawah loji janakuasa melalui
kaedah gabungan alkali dan digunakan untuk sintesis MCM-41 dan SBA-15. Sebagai
perbandingan, MCM-41 dan SBA-15 telah disintesis dengan menggunakan
tetraetilortosilika (TEOS) sebagai sumber silika tulen. Semua MCM-41 dan SBA-15
yang telah disintesis dicirikan menggunakan kaedah pembelauan Sinar X (XRD) dan
penjerapan nitrogen untuk menentukan pembentukan liang heksagon, mikroskopi
elektron pengimbasan pancaran medan (FESEM) digunakan untuk memerhati morfologi
manakala Spektroskopi Inframerah Tranformasi Fourier (FTIR) digunakan untuk
mengenalpasti kumpulan berfungsi dan penyingkiran surfaktan selepas pengkalsinan.
Keputusan XRD membuktikan debu MCM-41 (BA MCM-41), SBA-15 tulen (PSBA-15) dan debu
SBA-15 (BA SBA-15) mempunyai mesostruktur yang teratur. Penjerapan N2
oleh MCM-41
(PMCM-41), PSBA-15 dan BA SBA-15 menunjukkan
isoterma jenis IV manakala isoterma jenis III bagi BA MCM-41. Berdasarkan analisis
FESEM, morfologi zarah silika mesoporos daripada debu bawah loji janakuasa
adalah berlainan berbanding yang disediakan menggunakan bahan kimia tulen. Morfologi
PMCM-41 dan PSBA-15 menunjukkan zarah jenis rod manakala BA MCM-41 dan BA
SBA-15 wujud sebagai zarah bercampur. PMCM-41, PSBA-15 dan BA SBA-15 mempunyai
struktur heksagon yang seragam, luas permukaan yang tinggi dan taburan liang yang
kecil.
Kata
kunci: silika
mesoporos, MCM-41, SBA-15
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