Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 20 No 6 (2016): 1278 - 1285

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2016-2006-06

 

 

 

SYNTHESIS AND PHYSICOCHEMICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF CATIONIC POLYMERIC SURFACTANT FROM Dioscorea pyrifolia STARCH

 

(Sintesis dan Pencirian Fizikokimia Surfaktan Polimer Kationik daripada Kanji Dioscorea pyrifolia)

 

Elmi Sharlina Md. Suhaimi, Wan Yaacob Wan Ahmad*, Azwan Mat Lazim

 

School of Chemical Sciences and Food Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology

Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: wanyaa@ukm.edu.my

 

 

Received: 21 April 2016; Accepted: 3 October 2016

 

 

Abstract

Cationic starch-based polymeric surfactant, 2-hydroxy-3-(N,N,N-trimethylammonium)propyloxy starch (S-ETAC) from Dioscorea pyrifolia tubers, was synthesized by etherification using 2,3-epoxytrimethylammonium chloride (ETAC) in the mass ratio of ETAC/starch (St) of 0.15:1, 0.25:1, 0.5:1, 1:1, 2:1 g/g and sodium hydroxide as a catalyst in aqueous medium. The degree of substitution (DS) and reaction efficiency (RE) were calculated using the percentage of nitrogen derived from the elemental analysis. The study found that the more the ETAC used, the higher the DS (0:11 to 0.76), but the RE decreased (69% to 35%). This S-ETAC was characterized by using the solubility and swelling power tests as well as attenuated total reflectance - Fourier transform infra-red (ATR - FTIR) spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) to prove the reaction occurs at the starch structure.

 

Keywords:  cationic starch, etherification, Dioscorea pyrifolia

 

Abstrak

Surfaktan polimer berasaskan kanji kationik, kanji 2-hidroksi-3-(N,N,N-trimetilammonium)propiloksi (S-ETAC) dari ubi Dioscorea pyrifolia, telah disintesis melalui tindak balas pengeteran menggunakan 2,3-epoksitrimetilammonium klorida (ETAC) dalam nisbah jisim ETAC/kanji (St) 0.15: 1, 0.25: 1, 0.5: 1, 1: 1, 2: 1 g/g dan natrium hidroksida sebagai pemangkin dalam medium akueus. Darjah penukargantian (DS) dan kecekapan tindak balas (RE) telah dikira menggunakan peratusan nitrogen yang diperolehi daripada penganalisis unsur. Kajian ini mendapati bahawa lebih banyak ETAC yang digunakan, semakin tinggi DS (0:11 kepada  0.76), tetapi RE menurun (69% kepada 35%). S-ETAC dicirikan dengan menggunakan kelarutan dan ujian kuasa pembengkakkan serta spektroskopi transformasi Fourier infra merah - jumlah pantulan teratenuat (FTIR - ATR), kalorimetri pengimbas pembezaan (DSC) dan pembelauan sinar-X (XRD) untuk membuktikan bahawa tindak balas berlaku pada struktur kanji.

 

Kata kunci:  kanji kationik, pengeteran, Dioscorea pyrifolia

 

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