Malaysian Journal of Analytical Sciences Vol 21 no 3 (2017): 726 - 734

DOI: https://doi.org/10.17576/mjas-2017-2103-22

 

 

 

EXTRACTION OF BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS (MANGIFERIN)

FROM MAHKOTA DEWA (Phaleria macrocarpa) FRUITS USING

SUBCRITICAL WATER: EFFECT OF PROCESS PARAMETERS ON EXTRACTION YIELD

 

(Pengekstrakan Bahan Bioaktif (Mangiferin) dari Buah Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) Menggunakan Kaedah Air Subgenting: Kesan Parameter Proses Terhadap Hasil Ekstrak)

 

Nurmaryam Aini Hashim, Ummi Najihah Md. Hashim, Siti Kholijah Abdul Mudalip*, Noorlisa Harun,

Fatmawati Adam, Rohaida Che Man, Siti Zubaidah Sulaiman,  Zatul Iffah Mohd Arshad, Shalyda Md. Shaarani

 

Faculty of Chemical Engineering & Natural Resources,

Universiti Malaysia Pahang, Lebuh Raya Tun Razak, 26300 Gambang, Pahang, Malaysia

 

*Corresponding author: kholijah@ump.edu.my

 

 

Received: 28 November 2016; Accepted: 5 February 2017

 

 

Abstract

Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) is a popular herbal plant that is indigenous to Indonesia and Malaysia. The bioactive ingredients in the plant contain antihistamine, antioxidant, and anti-cancer compound. In this work, experimental study was performed using subcritical water extraction (SWE) method to extract bioactive compound namely mangiferin from Mahkota Dewa fruits. A sequential screening strategy using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) was carried out at different solid to solvent ratios (30 – 70 g/L), temperatures (50 – 150 °C) and extraction times (3 – 7 hours). The yield of mangiferin extracted was measured using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results show that the solid to solvent ratio, extraction temperature and time cause significant effect on the mangiferin yield. The best operating conditions for extracting Mahkota Dewa fruit with subcritical method is 60 g/L solid to solvent ratio and 100°C extraction temperature for 5 hours with mangiferin yield of 3.202% w/w.

 

Keywords:  Mahkota Dewa, subcritical water extraction, mangiferin, one factor at a time

 

Abstrak

Mahkota Dewa (Phaleria macrocarpa) adalah tumbuhan herba yang popular berasal dari Indonesia dan Malaysia. Bahan bioaktif yang boleh didapati dalam ekstrak tumbuhan ini adalah seperti antihistamin, antioksidan, dan juga anti-kanser. Dalam kerja penyelidikan ini, satu eksperimen telah dijalankan dengan menggunakan proses pengekstrakan air subgenting (SWE), untuk mengekstrak bahan bioaktif daripada buah Mahkota Dewa iaitu mangiferin. Proses saringan secara berturutan dengan menggunakan kaedah satu-faktor-pada-satu-masa (OFAT) telah dijalankan pada pelbagai nisbah pepejal kepada pelarut (30 – 70 g/L), suhu (50 – 150 °C) dan masa pengekstrakan (3 – 7 jam). Hasil ekstrak mangiferin dianalisis dengan menggunakan kaedah kromatografi cecair berprestasi tinggi (HPLC). Hasil analisa menunjukkan bahawa nisbah pepejal kepada pelarut, suhu pengekstrakan dan masa memberi kesan yang besar ke atas hasil ekstrak mangiferin itu. Parameter eksperimen yang terbaik untuk mengekstrak buah Mahkota Dewa dengan menggunakan kaedah subgenting adalah pada nisbah pepejal kepada pelarut 60 g/L dan suhu ekstrak pada 100 °C selama 5 jam dengan hasil ekstrak mangiferin sebanyak 3.202% w/w.

 

Kata kunci:  Mahkota Dewa, pengekstrakan air subgenting, mangiferin, satu faktor pada satu masa

 

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