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Sains Malaysiana 46(9)(2017): 1651–1657 http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2017-4609-38
Effect of Space Holders on Fabrication of Porous Titanium Alloy-Hydroxyapatite Composite through Powder Injection Molding (Kesan Pemegang Ruang terhadap Pembentukan Komposit Aloi Titanium-Hidroksiapatit
Berbusa melalui Pengacuan Suntikan Serbuk) FARRAHSHAIDA
MOHD
SALLEH1,
ABU
BAKAR
SULONG1*,
MUHAMMAD
RAFI
RAZA3,
NORHAMIDI
MUHAMAD1
& LIM TSIU FHANG1 1Department of Mechanical
and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built
Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor
Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 2Faculty of Mechanical
Engineering, Universiti Teknologi MARA, 40450 UiTM Shah Alam,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia 3Department of Mechanical
Engineering, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Sahiwal,
Pakistan Diserahkan: 28 April
2016/Diterima: 31 Mei 2017 ABSTRACT Powder injection molding
(PIM) is able to produce porous titanium alloy/hydroxyapatite
composite through the space holder technique. Thermal debinding
and sintering processes were the main challenges due to different
properties of metal and ceramic in producing such composite.
This study focused on the effect of different space holders
on the physical and mechanical properties of debound and sintered
porous titanium aloi/hydroxyapatite composite. The feedstock
is containing of 80 wt. % of titanium alloy/hydroxyapatite with
20 wt. % of space holders such as sodium chloride (NaCl) and
polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), respectively. The binders
were then removed from the injected samples by two stages of
debinding; solvent and thermal debinding. The sintering was
performed at three different temperatures 1100oC, 1200oC and 1300oC
at a heating rate of 10oC /min and holding time
of 5 h. It was found that the samples containing PMMA space
holder was fractured after sintering. While, the samples containing
NaCl space holder successfully formed pores and not fractured.
At sintering temperature of 1300oC, the density, compressive strength and porosity volume
percentages for the sintered sample containing NaCl space holder
were 3.05 g/cm3,
91.7 MPa. and 11.9 vol%, respectively. Keywords: Hydroxyapatite;
metal foam; powder injection molding; space holder; titanium
alloy ABSTRAK Pengacuan suntikan serbuk
(PIM) boleh menghasilkan komposit aloi titanium/hidroksiapatit
berbusa dengan menggunakan teknik pemegang ruang. Proses bagi
penyahikatan dan persinteran merupakan cabaran utama disebabkan
sifat bahan logam dan seramik yang berbeza dalam penghasilan
komposit tersebut. Fokus kajian ini adalah kesan berbeza pemegang
ruang terhadap sifat fizikal dan mekanik penyahikatan serta
persinteran komposit aloi titanium-hidroksiapatit berbusa. Bahan
suapan mengandungi 80 % bt. aloi titanium/hidroksiapatit dengan
20 % bt. pemegang ruang seperti sodium klorida (NaCl) dan polimetilmetakrilat
(PMMA).
Bahan pengikat kemudian disingkirkan daripada sampel yang disuntik
melalui dua peringkat penyahikatan; larutan dan penyahikatan
terma. Persinteran dijalankan pada tiga suhu yang berbeza 1100oC, 1200oC
dan 1300oC pada kadar pemanasan sebanyak 10oC
/min dan masa pegangan selama 5 jam. Didapati sampel yang mengandungi
pemegang ruang PMMA
hancur selepas persinteran. Manakala, sampel yang
mengandungi pemegang ruang NaCl berjaya menghasilkan liang-liang
berbusa dan tidak hancur. Pada suhu persinteran 1300oC, ketumpatan, kekuatan
mampatan dan peratusan isi padu keliangan sebanyak 3.05 g/cm3, 91.7
MPa. dan 11.9 vol%. Kata kunci: Aloi Titanium;
hidroksiapatit; logam berbusa; pemegang ruang; pengacuan suntikan
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