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http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4811-18
Anthropogenic Geoasset
Exploration in Bukit Besi for Geotourism Development: A Preliminary Study
(Penjelajahan Geoaset
Antropogen di Bukit Besi untuk Pembangunan Geopelancongan: Kajian
Awalan) MARILAH SARMAN*, NOR SHAHIDAH MOHD NAZER, KADDERI MD DESA, AZIMAH HUSIN,
NORASIAH SULAIMAN
& AMIR HUZAIRY
Centre of Earth
Sciences and Enviroment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan: 14
April 2019/Diterima: 15 Ogos 2019
ABSTRACT
Geotourism is a
responsible and sustainable type of tourism package development, equivalent to
ecotourism, and other nature-based derivatives of tourism with deeper level
considerations on local landscapes and the underlying geological foundation.
The area was investigated from the perspective of tourism geoscience
sub-discipline with a focus on non-extractive natural resources. Taking into
consideration the beach alluvial plain, human community, the biophysical
components and the mining artifacts, mineralization, geological formation,
mining history and people lifestyle during the active mining period. Bukit
Besi’s rail transit system as example, with eleven stations, used to transport
people, goods and ores between Bukit Besi and a coastal town of Dungun. Geology
of Bukit Besi consist of dominance of shale, quartzite, limestone; intrusion
rocks of granite and quartz vein, and metasediment rock. Iron mineralization
occurs as a result of replacement in shale, limestone, granite and along the
developed fractures. Further study relates the interconnection between iron
mineralization and cultural of the residents. Mineralization had created the
mining operation in Bukit Besi. History of mining process, life of Bukit Besi
residents and railway is part of intrinsic information that make higher value
of monument left in Bukit Besi in tourism context. Historical narration of the
mining region goes beyond events related to human time frame but spans the
geological history of the regions and the story of interactions between human
and their environments. These form the basis for the creation of
anthrobiogeoasset for regional planning of the region. Secondary utilization of
the non-extractive natural resource should incorporate tourism and business
components for sustainable geotourism package development of Bukit Besi,
Malaysia
Keywords: Cultural;
geoasset; geotourism; iron ore mine; mineralization
ABSTRAK
Geopelancongan adalah
sejenis pembangunan pakej pelancongan yang bertanggungjawab dan mampan, setara
dengan ekopelancongan dan pelancongan berasaskan alam semula jadi dengan
pertimbangan tahap yang lebih mendalam terhadap landskap tempatan dan asas
geologi yang mendasarinya. Kawasan ini dikaji daripada perspektif sub-disiplin
geosains pelancongan dengan tumpuan kepada sumber alam bukan ekstraktif, dengan
mengambil kira kawasan pantai, komuniti manusia, komponen biofizikal dan
artifak perlombongan, permineralan, formasi batuan, sejarah perlombongan dan
gaya hidup penduduk semasa tempoh perlombongan aktif. Sistem transit kereta
Bukit Besi antaranya, dengan sebelas stesen, pernah digunakan untuk mengangkut
orang, barang dan bijih di antara Bukit Besi dan Dungun. Geologi Bukit Besi
terdiri daripada dominasi syal, kuarza, batu kapur; batu intrusi granit dan
telerang kuarza dan batuan metasedimen. Pembentukan mineral besi adalah akibat
penggantian syal, batu kapur dan granit di sepanjang rekahan yang terbentuk.
Kajian lanjut menunjukkan hubung kait yang rapat antara pemineralan bijih besi
dengan budaya penduduk. Pemineralan telah membentuk operasi perlombongan di
Bukit Besi. Sejarah, proses perlombongan, kehidupan penduduk Bukit Besi dan
kereta api adalah sebahagian daripada maklumat intrinsik yang memberikan nilai
yang lebih tinggi kepada Bukit Besi dalam konteks pelancongan. Penceritaan
sejarah kawasan perlombongan melampaui peristiwa yang berkaitan dengan kerangka
masa manusia tetapi merangkumi sejarah geologi kawasan dan kisah interaksi
antara manusia dan persekitaran mereka. Ini membentuk dasar untuk kewujudan
antrobiogeoaset untuk perancangan wilayah di rantau ini. Penggunaan sekunder
sumber semula jadi bukan ekstraktif harus menggabungkan komponen pelancongan
dan perniagaan untuk pembangunan pakej geopelancongan yang mampan di Bukit
Besi, Malaysia.
Kata kunci: Budaya;
geoaset; geopelancongan; lombong bijih besi; pemineralan
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*Pengarang untuk surat-menyurat; email: marilah@ukm.edu.my
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