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http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2019-4811-26
Prediction of Soil Erosion
in Pansoon Sub-basin, Malaysia using RUSLE integrated
in Geographical Information System (Ramalan Hakisan Tanah
di Sub-lembangan Pansoon menggunakan Integrasi RUSLE
dan Sistem Maklumat Geografi)
NOOR FADZILAH YUSOF, TUKIMAT LIHAN*, WAN MOHD RAZI IDRIS, ZULFAHMI ALI RAHMAN, MUZZNEENA AHMAD MUSTAPHA
& MOHD. ABDUL WAHAB YUSOF
Center
for Earth Sciences and Environment, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiti
Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 UKM Bangi, Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Diserahkan:
10 April 2019/Diterima: 15 Ogos 2019
ABSTRACT
Water-borne erosion problem
is one of the environmental problems faced globally particularly
in developing countries. The objective of this study was to estimate
the erosion rate at the Pansoon sub-basin using combination of conventional
approach and remote sensing technology. Pansoon sub-basin is the
upper stream of Langat watershed, Malaysia located in the mountainous
area dominated by steep slopes and various type of soils which are
the important factors contributed to soil erosion. The Revised Universal
Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE)
integrated in a Geographical Information System used to predict
the soil erosion rate and spatially maps its distribution using
rainfall, soil series and topography data to generate rainfall erosivity
factor, soil erodibility factor and topography factor. Land use
map was used to produce coverage and management practice factor.
The result shows that 66% (7433 ha) of the Pansoon sub-basin is
classified at very low risk, 22% of low risk (2433 ha), 5% of moderate
(582 ha), 2% of the area with high risk (251 ha) and 5% of very
high risk of erosion (549 ha). Pansoon sub-basin is prone to soil
erosion problem on the southwest region may due to soil erodibility
factor, slope length and slope steepness. Accuracy assessment was
obtained between prediction model and field observation data (p=0.97)
which means the RUSLE
approach integrated in GIS is suitable to be used to
predict and assessing the soil erosion rate. In conclusion, the
prediction of soil erosion using RUSLE in GIS can
be accurately assessed with the combination of field observation
data.
Keywords: GIS;
Langat; Pansoon; RUSLE; soil erosion
ABSTRAK
Masalah hakisan yang disebabkan oleh air merupakan salah satu masalah
alam sekitar yang dihadapi di seluruh dunia terutamanya di negara
membangun. Objektif kajian ini adalah untuk menganggarkan kadar
hakisan di sub-lembangan Pansoon menggunakan gabungan pendekatan
konvensional dan teknologi penderiaan jauh. Sub-lembangan Pansoon
adalah kawasan hulu lembangan Langat, Malaysia yang terletak di
kawasan pergunungan yang dikelilingi oleh cerun curam dan beberapa
jenis tanih yang merupakan faktor penting yang menyumbang kepada
hakisan tanah. Semakan Semula Persamaan Kehilangan Tanih Universal
(RUSLE) yang diintegrasikan dalam Sistem Maklumat Geografi
digunakan untuk meramal kadar hakisan tanah dan peta ruangan dengan
menggunakan data hujan, siri tanih dan topografi bagi menghasilkan
faktor erosiviti hujan, faktor kebolehhakisan tanah dan faktor topografi.
Peta guna tanah digunakan bagi menghasilkan faktor liputan dan amalan
pengurusan. Hasil kajian mendapati 66% (7433 ha) daripada sub-lembangan
Pansoon dikelaskan sebagai berisiko sangat rendah, 22% daripadanya
adalah berisiko rendah (2433 ha), 5% daripadanya adalah sederhana
(582 ha), 2% (251 ha) dan 5% daripadanya adalah hakisan yang sangat
tinggi (549 ha). Sub-lembangan Pansoon terdedah kepada masalah hakisan
tanah di wilayah barat daya mungkin disebabkan oleh faktor kebolehhakisan
tanah, panjang cerun dan kecerunan. Kajian ketepatan diperoleh antara
model ramalan dan data kerja lapangan (p=0.97) yang bermaksud pendekatan
integrasi RUSLE dan
GIS
sesuai digunakan untuk meramal dan mentaksir kadar
hakisan tanah. Kesimpulannya, ramalan hakisan tanah menggunakan
RUSLE dalam
GIS
dapat dinilai secara tepat dengan gabungan data pemerhatian
lapangan. Kata kunci: GIS; hakisan tanih; Langat; Pansoon; RUSLE
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*Pengarang untuk
surat-menyurat; email: matt@ukm.edu.my
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