Sains Malaysiana 49(10)(2020): 2453-2464

http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2020-4910-11

Strain Selection for Growth Enhancement of Wild and Cultivated Eucheumatoid Seaweed Species in Indonesia

(Pemilihan Strain untuk Peningkatan Pertumbuhan Spesies Rumpai Laut Eucheumatoid Liar dan Ternakan di Indonesia)

ANDI PARENRENGI^1,2*, SYMON DWORJANYN³, RACHMAN SYAH¹, PETRUS RANI PONG-MASAK⁴ & MAT FAHRUR¹

¹Research Institute for Brackish Water Aquaculture and Fisheries Extension, Maros, Indonesia

²Center of Excellence for Development and Utilization of Seaweed (CEDUS), Makassar, Indonesia

³National Marine Science Centre, Southern Cross University, Australia

⁴Research Institute for Seaweed Culture, Gorontalo, Indonesia

Received: 4 February 2020/Accepted: 12 May 2020

ABSTRACT

A poor seed quality is one of the main constraints to provide a fast growth for seaweed production. It is hoped that seaweed strain selection may lead to production of a high quality seed, resulting in an enhanced growth rate of cultivated seaweeds. The study aimed to obtain a fast growing seaweed strain through proper selection. Three types of base strains were selected: A wild type of Eucheuma denticulatum from Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT), and two types of cultivated seaweed of Kappaphycus alvarezii from Takalar and Gorontalo, respectively. The collected seaweeds were grown in Laikang Bay using the long line method. The strain selection was based on the daily growth rate (DGR) parameter. The seaweeds were cultivated for 30 days to produce seed, and selected seed material was used for the next cycle for three cycles. The results show that the selected seaweed strains had a higher DGR compared with non-selected (internal control) seed from each of the original forms. DGR of the selected and control seed of the Takalar, Gorontalo, and NTT strains were 6.67% day^-1 and 4.91% day^-1; 4.23% day^-1 and 2.00% day^-1; and 2.23% day^-1 and 1.20% day^-1, respectively. The selection technique increased the DGR up to 1.68% day^-1 for three cultivation cycles, while carrageenan content was up to 4.7% higher than the internal control. In conclusion, the best strain for cultivation in Laikang Bay was that of selected from Takalar.

Keywords: Eucheumatoid seaweed; growth enhancement; strain selection; wild and cultivated seaweed

ABSTRAK

Kualiti benih yang rendah merupakan salah satu kekangan utama yang melambatkan pertumbuhan rumpai laut. Pemilihan strain rumpai laut dapat menjurus kepada penghasilan benih yang berkualiti tinggi, sekaligus mempertingkat kadar pertumbuhan kultur rumpai laut. Kajian ini bertujuan untuk mendapatkan strain rumpai laut yang dapat tumbuh dengan cepat melalui pemilihan yang sesuai. Tiga jenis strain asas telah dipilih; jenis liar Eucheuma denticulatum dari Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) dan dua jenis kultivar rumpai laut Kappaphycus alvarezii masing-masing dari Takalar dan Gorontalo. Rumpai laut yang dikumpulkan dibiakkan di Laikang Bay dengan menggunakan kaedah garisan panjang. Pemilihan strain dilakukan berdasarkan kadar pertumbuhan harian (DGR). Rumpai laut dikultur selama 30 hari untuk menghasilkan benih sebelum digunakan pada kitaran seterusnya selama tiga kitaran. Hasil menunjukkan strain rumpai laut yang dipilih mempunyai DGR yang lebih tinggi berbanding benih bukan pilihan (kawalan dalaman). DGR bagi benih terpilih dan kawalan daripada strain Takalar, Gorontalo dan NTT masing-masing adalah 6.67% hari^-1 dan 4.91% hari^-1; 4.23% hari^-1 dan 2.00% hari^-1; dan 2.23% hari^-1 dan 1.20% hari^-1. Teknik pemilihan ini meningkatkan DGR sehingga 1.68% hari^-1 bagi tiga kitaran penanaman, manakala kandungan karagenan bertambah sehingga 4.7% berbanding kawalan dalaman. Kesimpulannya, strain terbaik untuk penanaman di Laikang Bay ialah strain terpilih dari Takalar.

Kata kunci: Pemilihan strain; peningkatan pertumbuhan; rumpai laut Eucheumatoid; rumpai laut liar dan terkultivasi

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*Corresponding author; email: andi_parenrengi@hotmail.com